5 Pages
1166 Words
Regional Analysis of COPD, Asthma, and Dementia Prevalence
Task A: Analysis of Non-Fatal Work-Related Injuries in the Human Health and Social Work Sector (HSE Survey Findings)
The labour force survey was conducted by the health and safety executive to gather data and information about non-fatal work-related injuries. HSE is a reputable and trustworthy governmental agency in the UK responsible for monitoring workplace health and safety regulations. The data reveals that in the human health and social work activities sector, there were fatal work-related injuries. Among these injury cases, 36% of injuries resulted in overworking absences for three days, while 30% of injuries were caused by seven days of absence. In comparison, there are across 1.9% of workers within this sector suffering from work-related injuries. However, this rate is not statistically distinct from the rate of enjoyed days around all industries, which stands at 1.7%. The report also shows that the human health and social work activity rate is higher than other activities injuries. This suggests that the injury rate in human health and social work is similar to the average injury rate among corporations.
Task B: Prevalence and Regional Disparities of COPD, Asthma, and Dementia in England: A Comparative Analysis
Doiron et al. (2019) opined that COPD and asthma are two common chronic respiratory situations, while dementia is a cognitive functioning loss condition that increases concern across the world. In the year 2021, near about 79 women and 115 men per 100,000 residents passed due to respiratory system disease in England and England’s North West held the most increased mortality rate as a result of respiratory diseases for around 136 men per 100,000; however, England’s North East province held the most elevated mortality rate of females, which reveals per 100,000 residents 102 deaths (Statista, 2023). According to a report by the NHS between the years 2020 and 2021, there were near about 1.17 million people in England who have COPD diagnoses, that is, England's total population of 1.9% and North England shows a high prevalence (Commonslibrary, 2023).
The supplied data reveal the specific prevalence rate of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and dementia in different areas of England, which helps to provide insight into COPD's increasing rate in the North as compared to the asthma rate and dementia rate. The data has been gathered by the NHS of the UK through surveying and medical records on COPD, asthma, and dementia prevalence in England. Accounting to the data, Lancashire and Cumbria's highest asthma patient rate is at 6.7%. Other areas with the highest summer rates in England include Dorset, Devon and Cornwall, East Anglia, Bristol, Somerset, Gloucester and Wiltshire, and North Yorkshire and Humber; all are around 6.4%. On the other hand, for the COPD patient's highest rate, North East England possesses a maximum rate that is recorded at 2.9%. Additionally, other regions of England that pose the highest CP rates include Lancashire and Cumbria, Merseyside and Cheshier, South and West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester, which pose around a 2.3% rate. The report also reveals that the regions with the lowest rates of asthma include London regions, especially outer and inner London North. That poses a range of 4.3 to 4.7%, while the lowest rate for COPD patients can be noticed in the regions of inner London and London Outer North, ranging from 1.1% to 1.3% (Baker, 2019).
That has different causes, as COPD is often connected to occupational exposure, smoking, and severe environmental factors such as air pollution. Additionally, estimated morbidity and prevalence data undervalue the complete COPD burden due to the disease is not usually analysed until clinically apparent and there are multiple variations noticed in registered prevalence (Stone et al., 2022). Industrial activities and smoking rates can depend on the regional aspects that can explain the North and South divide. Additionally, the north of England also shows differentiation in their socio-economic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. COPD is associated with long-term smoking and higher smoking rates can be noticed in North England as compared to the South of England (Halpin et al., 2022).
Additionally, the North of England possesses heavy industries that can cause harmful workplace pollutants and substance exposure, such as chemicals, fumes, and dust that have a high contribution to COPD development. On the other hand, asthma is an inflammatory lung disease that is generated through genetics, environmental factors, and allergies that cannot show any type of geographic disparity as COPD disease (cycles anTextxt, 2022). In a report it has been noticed that the business density rate in northeast England is low—704 as compared to the UK’s average, which is 1014. South-east England possesses a high business density rate. Thus the southern region of the UK possesses a low quality of air that is one of the major causes of asthma (GOV, 2022). Additionally, the southern region has minimum access to healthcare services which is also a major reason for increasing the asthma rates in South England.
References
Baker, C. (2019). Health inequalities: Income deprivation and north/south divides. commonslibrary.parliament.uk. [online] Available at: https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/health-inequalities-income-deprivation-and-north-south-divides/ [Accessed 27 Sep. 2023].
Commons library, 2023 Health inequalities: Income deprivation and north/south divides Accessed from: https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/health-inequalities-income-deprivation-and-north-south-divides/ [Accessed on: 27/09/2023]
cycles, T. text provides general information S. assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct D. to varying update and Text, S.C.D.M. up-to-Date D.T.R. in the (2022). Topic: Respiratory disease in the UK. [online] Statista. Available at: https://www.statista.com/topics/5908/respiratory-disease-in-the-uk/#topicOverview [Accessed 27 Sep. 2023].
Doiron, D., de Hoogh, K., Probst-Hensch, N., Fortier, I., Cai, Y., De Matteis, S. and Hansell, A.L. (2019). Air pollution, lung function and COPD: results from the population-based UK Biobank study. European Respiratory Journal, 54(1), p.1802140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02140-2018.
GOV.UK (2022). Business Population Estimates for the UK and Regions 2022: Statistical Release (HTML). [online] GOV.UK. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/business-population-estimates-2022/business-population-estimates-for-the-uk-and-regions-2022-statistical-release-html [Accessed 27 Sep. 2023].
Halpin, D.M., Rabe, A.P., Loke, W.J., Grieve, S., Daniele, P., Hwang, S. and Forsythe, A. (2022). Epidemiology, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Mortality of Asthma and COPD in COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analyses. Journal of Asthma and Allergy, Volume 15, pp.811–825. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/jaa.s360985.
Statista (2023). Mortality from respiratory diseases in England 2020, by region and gender. [online] Statista. Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1047986/mortality-rate-from-respiratory-diseases-in-england-by-region-and-gender/ [Accessed 27 Sep. 2023].
Stone, P.W., Hickman, K., Holmes, S., Feary, J.R. and Quint, J.K. (2022). Comparison of COPD primary care in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine, [online] 32(1), pp.1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41533-022-00305-8.
