In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activities Of Hydrogel And Aqueous Seed Extract From Bitter Kola Seeds (Garcinia Kola) In Selected Pathogens Assignment

Introduction of In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activities Of Hydrogel And Aqueous Seed Extract From Bitter Kola Seeds (Garcinia Kola) In Selected Pathogens

Garcinia Kola plant has been involved in playing an antimicrobial activity against pathogens. This plant belongs to the Guttiferae family, known for its medicinal value. This plant has consisted of seeds that possess an antimicrobial quality that is used as treating medicinal problems. As opined by Guleria et al. (2022), secondary metabolites develop their significance as phytochemicals that hold anti-inflammatory, anti-malaria, neuroprotective and wound-healing activities. This signifies the use of this plant seed in the applications of antimicrobial activity. Streptococcus pyogenes in clinical settings are acquired with a variety of uncomplicated infections. Therefore, secondary metabolites contain immunities that can be used a boosting immunity. The fibrinogen actives by the hormones that release form anti-inflammatory and anti-malaria. According to Kaur (2022), to determine the antibacterial activity that has been extracted from Garcinia Kola from the clinical for the isolation of the Streptococcus pyogenes. The data evaluated its potency as the antibacterial compound against Streptococcus pyogenes. Therefore, the wide spectrum effect of Garcinia Kola in the bacteria through managing the infection that occurs in the skin and throat Therefore, the potential activity that is possess by the Garcinia Kola has been potent in delivering effective streptococcus pyogenes, this draft the effective use of the plant seed as an antibacterial compound.

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Reviewing the therapeutic activity possess by the Garcinia compound has been opposed to long claims on treatment with stomach upset, cancer treatment and food poisoning. As stated by Fuloria et al. (2022), the therapeutic effect associated with the Garcinia Kola has been widely used in ancient times. It is evident that this compound possesses the ability to act as an anti-viral, antibacterial compound which is opposed to cancer. Information was gathered from the investigation with Garcinia Kola to analyse the potentiality of the seed for developing therapeutic treatment.

Bioactive compound has been extracted from the seeds for its effect on the primary and secondary metabolites. As referred to by Bhat and Bhat (2021), a bioactive compound of Garcinia Kola has been anciently used for cardiovascular imparting. The investigation drafted the significance of providing benefits on the ground of neuroprotective, and cardiovascular benefits. This plant contains active ingredients to improve blood circulation in the body. Therefore, this experiment has been performed to determine the antimicrobial activity of pathogens using Garcinia Kola. Hydrogels based on agarose and whey protein comparison of microbial activity of aqueous extract and hydrogels lies in the difference that formulates the effective distinguished between the antimicrobial hydrogels in the biomedical context. Hydrated polymeric networks provide the moist environment that is prominently used in the pharmaceutical industry. As mentioned by Rajagopal et al. (2022), the identification of the active fraction and the highest antimicrobial fractions through diffusion assay is widely used in laboratory experiments. Antimicrobial susceptibility using disc diffusion assays and well diffusion assays allows for analysis of the minimum inhibitory concentration using microdilution. This help in developing and interpreting the mode of microbial inhibition to determine the hydrogels and microbial inhibition.

Garcinia Kola has mitigated challenges that deal with adhering to liposomal activity. This critically influences the application of chronic disease treatment. Phytochemical synthetics processing of the active ingredient as the therapeutic agents add to the cost that imposes the development of the drug with high costing. As opined by Otori et al. (2022), phytochemical synthetic use in the pharmaceutical industry poses an additional cost for the synthesis, as the natural compound has developed an effective process in mitigating the additional effective process that is linked with the cost-effective process. Therefore, the laboratory experiment of this study allows investigation on the basis of the therapeutic activity. This allows to development of a minimal inhibitory concentration that can be used against the treatment of bacterial and viral infections. This experiment allows the development of an effective process that manages to develop in determining the concentration of microbial inhibition.

Aims

This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Garcinia Kola which is extracted from aqueous seed extraction and hydrogels against pathogens. The objective of this experiment is too daft the antibacterial properties against different pathogens using natural compounds.

Research question

What is the effect of Garcinia Kola as antimicrobial activity against pathogens?

Specific Objectives

• To identify the effect of Garcinia Kola as antimicrobial activity against pathogens
• To analyse the antimicrobial activity of Garcinia Kolaagainst pathogens
• To daft the antibacterial properties against different pathogens using natural compounds

Hypotheses

H1: Garcinia Kola activity possesses antimicrobial activity against pathogens

H2: Garcinia Kola does not possess antimicrobial activity against pathogens

Methods, study design, statistical analysis research ethics

Method

Antimicrobial susceptibility tests will be performed using disc diffusion and well diffusion assay at different hydrogels and aqueous extorts. This will help in determining the cavity and the role of the Garcinia Kola against pathogens in different varieties. Therefore, to construct laboratory experiments, the primary quantitative method will be used. It allows drawing and data interpretation on the ground of graphs and numerical means.

Study design

A descriptive study has been designed for this experiment for determining the quantitative technique used for the primary analysis. As opined by Nwabuife et al. (2021), the descriptive design allows the development of an authenticated study from the source that drafts the study. The primary data collection method will be used using laboratory equipment and techniques. Data will be collected from Garcinia Kola seeds of a few varieties that will be followed by drying at 30 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius. This will be followed by grindings powder, simultaneously aqueous extracts will be prepared that will be further filtered through the sterilisation process. Hydrogel-based agarose and whey protein will be the prime materials that will be required at different concentrations. Different concentrations of Garcinia allow us to demonstrate the effective potential, as an antimicrobial efficacy against pathogens. According to Tehri et al. (2022), the antimicrobial activity of the Garcinia seeds is well unknown by several studies that have been conducted. However, this experiment will be performed to develop the interpretable skills that are highly required in pharmaceutical means.

Determining the antimicrobial activities of hydrogels and aqueous extract in a wide range of pathogens as mentioned by Oliseloke et al. (2022), this allows the formulation of the distinct comparison bon the Aquarius extract seeds with the hydrogel seeds. Therefore, this study will use the disc diffusion method and the well-diffusion assay to analyze the minimal inhibitory concentration of the drug. The process will be followed by the fractionation of the aqueous extract with high activity to determine the active fraction. A susceptibility test will be performed for effective extraction using microdilution which will lastly determine the mode of inhibition in hydrogels and extracts. Using this study design allows the establishment of the hypothesis that is developed to mitigate the research question.

Statistical analysis

Garcinia Kola has been extensively famous for its therapeutic activity in treating acute and chronic diseases. However, several studies conducted on different pathogens to determine the effectiveness of the bioactive compound, secondary metabolites of the seed. As stated by Cimino et al. (2021), quantitative techniques in the laboratory report allow the drafting of the numerical response that enables to development of analysis by developing graphs and tables. This method develops and is high in practice on disc diffusion assay in determining the inhibitory concentration. Therefore, this experiment will use statistical and quantitative research that will allow drafting the minimal inhibitory concentration of the varieties of Garcinia Kola seeds against pathogens. Comparison between the two types of seeds that are used in the experiments has demanded the effective evaluation of the seeds. As referred by Wylie and Merrell (2022), the different application has been determined to draft the encapsulated strategies which allow the drafting of the critical method for the synopsis. This progressively allows a draft of the active effects of the compound in fraction active identification. Therefore, this study will include fraction active identification to draft the comparison of fractionation aqueous extraction and hydrogels extraction.

Statistical analysis means drafting the protocol that is associated with the numerical data obtained from the laboratory experiments. As referred by Dermane et al. (2021), the numerical experiment has been done to determine the progressive attitude that allows drafting and enables analysis on the basis of the data recorded. The measurement of the minimal inhibitory concentration is usually performed through the diameter. A zone of inhibition drafts the activity of the natural compound that imposes a defect on the pathogens. The hydrogels matrix allows them to impose a strategy that is related to the substitution approach. Identification of the measurable compound drew a conclusion. Therefore, data records will be processed that summarised the effective use to plot a graphical representation of the findings that will be recorded during the laboratory experiments. Hence, statistical analysis will be derived from the findings data table. This acknowledges the use of the effective in drafting the conclusion through the detailed analysis.

Research ethics

Laboratory experiments are the trial and error method that is conducted to mee4t the in vitro technique. Maintaining ethics in the field of research is relatable to meeting the work ethics and the systematic progression of the research.As mentioned by Nsengumuremy et al. (2020), research ethics relies on the keep the information confidential to conduct the innovation and the experiment-only application to distribute within the laboratory. Data recorded must be kept in security to avoid misconduct and mishandling

Key outcomes and impact

The expected output of the study will be the establishment of hypothesis 1 by meeting the objective of the research. Garcinia Kola has been evident in possessing anti-inflammation, anti-bacterial and anti-viral components. This imposes a benefit to the researcher to use a natural compound develop a therapeutic treatment against st pathogens. As opined by Serafim et al. (2020), the Garcinia Kola seed has been widely used in ancient times for mild, acute and chronic diseases. Its potential has been observed in cancer treatment as well. Therefore, this study will be conducted to analyse the antimicrobial activity of Garcinia Kola in two different forms. This includes the aqueous extract and the hydrogels extract to draft the nanlsyiis of the comparison. The expected outcome of this experiment will be the potential antimicrobial role of the Garcinia Kola that will be extracted from aqueous seeds and the hydrogels against pathogens. According to Heredia (2022), Garcinia Kola's antimicrobial role has its effect on treating chronic disease which allows to development of an experiment on this. The impact of this experiment on developing the therapeutic in the pharmaceutical is the cost-effective approach, therefore, this draft the effective use of Garcinia Kola against specific pathogens.

Costing

Material required	Costing
Media	$34
Petri plate	$2
Conical flask	$3.50
Garcinia Kola seeds (varieties)	$23.3
Pathogen (culture)	$150.3
Disc diffusion paper	$2.32
Cork borer	$3.2
Test tubes	$4
Test tube rack	$1
Inoculation needle	$2.02
Spirit lamp	$15
Distil water	$56.2
Test tube holder	$2.01 (Ewelike et al. 2021).

Table 1: Required costing of materials

(Source: Self-developed)

For conducting this experiment, an estimated costing has been developed, consisting of essential material required for performing an experiment. The above mentioned cost is depicted for the glassware, chemicals, media, culture, disc that will be required for determining the antimicrobial activity of Garcinia Kola against pathogens.

References

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