The Strategic Project Management Assignment Sample

Introduction Of The Strategic Project Management

Organisations must overcome environmental changes and uncertainties in today's changing business environment to succeed. A key factor in maintaining efficient project management procedures and alignment with organisational goals is the Senior Project Management Officer (PMO). The PMO must act promptly and modify tactics to deal with complexity and ambiguity. The PMO at Apple is concentrated on coordinating and modifying its procedures to improve resilience and agility. Organisations keep a competitive edge by spotting new opportunities and reducing risks. This report analyses strategic project management from an organisational standpoint while covering project management theories, concepts and models. The focus is on suggesting approaches for aligning and implementing PMO practices that successfully address high levels of environmental complexity and changes, enabling Apple to flourish in a challenging environment.

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Discussion

A. Context of contemporary projects

As a senior project management office manager at Apple, there is a need to understand that contemporary projects are affected by various factors that contribute to high environmental complexity and uncertainty. Issues like technological advancements, market trends, customer expectations, regulatory and compliance requirements, globalization, cultural diversity, sustainability and environmental impact will be highlighted in detail.

A1. Critically estimate the factors in which contemporary projects conduct

In contemporary project management, there are several factors that play a significant role in how projects are conducted, particularly in response to an uncertain and complex environment. The main key factors are:

• Risk Management: In the current scenario, with increased environmental complexity project managers must prioritize risk management. This involves identifying potential risks, assessing their potential impact and developing mitigation strategies (Cips.org, 2023). The PMO of Apple might promote a proactive risk management culture, emphasizing risk identification, analysis and response planning throughout the project life cycle. As the global economic situation affects speaker spending, it naturally affects Apple's revenue. Apple products are essentially technologically premium, reducing profitability and increasing risk. Radical political issues such as the Russia Ukraine war, the Israel Palestine conflict, the fall of Donald Trump in America and the rise of Joe Biden, have a huge impact on the international business of companies like Apple.
• Stakeholder Engagement: In an uncertain environment, stakeholders' needs and expectations may change rapidly. The PMO of Apple company might focus on an effective stakeholder engagement policy, ensuring continuous communication, managing expectations and addressing concerns appropriately then they can mitigate all the obstacles in the organisation (Apple.com, 2023). Stakeholder analysis, mapping policy and engagement strategies should be part of the PMO's core practices in the company for the future.
• Change Management: Environmental complexity often leads to frequent changes in project scope, requirements, or priorities. The PMO of Apple should emphasize change management practices including change control processes, impact the assessments and stakeholder buying policy or selection of stakeholders (Ampese et al., 2023). The ability to manage and adapt to change becomes crucial for project success in such environments.

A2. Critically investigate contemporary project management theories, models and concepts

In this context, the contemporary project management theories, models and concepts of Apple is going to be discussed in detail. Based on the research several key principles and approaches align with their overall philosophy. the company Apple's concept of the product is the best to design thinking. Design thinking principles which involve emphasizing users ideating innovative solutions, prototyping, defining their needs and testing likely play a significant role in Apple's project management approach. Simplicity and minimalism are Apple's other concepts which there often characterized by their simplicity and intuitive interfaces. The focus of the project management methodology is on streamlining projects and processes, minimizing complexity and guaranteeing that the most important features or components are given the most attention. Aside from that, it is now time to talk about the idea that should improve Apple's leadership theory based on "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs."

Physiological Needs: Apple establishes a solid foundation for employee well-being by meeting their physiological demands through an appropriate working environment and healthy interactions. According to the report of 2021, the large number of black employees across the US has increased to 71%, which Apple officials are happy to share on their website (Apple.com, 2023). The organisation maintains a safe and friendly environment while efficiently resolving safety concerns. This allows people to focus on their tasks more efficiently and effectively (Apple.com, 2023).

• Belongingness and Love Needs: In the hirechy's third level pertains to the need for social belongingness and love. It encompasses the desire for interpersonal relationships, friendship, intimacy and a sense of belonging within a social group. Apple promotes a sense of belonging and camaraderie among their employees through team-building activities, open communication channels and fostering a collaborative work culture (Apple.com, 2023). This helps fulfill employees' need for social interaction and strengthens team cohesion.
• Esteem Needs: In addition to self-esteem in terms of respect, it also characterizes the desire for recognition and a positive image, Apple recognizes the importance of providing opportunities for growth recognition and career advancement (Trivedi and Mehta, 2019). Additionally, the company offers professional development programs, performance-based rewards and a meritocratic culture that fosters employees' esteem needs.
• Self-Actualization Needs: Apple fosters self-actualization among staff members by providing demanding initiatives, autonomy and chances for creativity and development (Farimani & Shahri, 2020). They adhere to the TAM model, placing a strong emphasis on smartphone design that is user-friendly (Kim & Stark, 2023). Apple achieves exceptional product quality by upholding strict testing and quality assurance procedures in project management. Users are more likely to believe that their technology can increase productivity and efficiency as a result.

A3. Certain implications of managing within a project management framework are discussed in a critical manner

Systematic planning, distinct objectives and efficient execution are all benefits of project management. In order to successfully achieve Apple's strategic goals and react to changeable project contexts, it entails defining roles, developing processes and putting controls in place. A project management framework at Apple is important for the following reasons:

• Consistency and Standardization: The benefits of using a project management framework for project management at Apple include improved standardisation and uniformity. Apple's project teams can cooperate effectively while adhering to predetermined rules and procedures by using a standardised approach. Since projects are executed in a systematic and predictable manner, efficiency and quality are increased. Nevertheless, Apple increased its R&D spending to a record $26.25 billion in fiscal 2022, about four billion more than in fiscal 2021, partly as a result of effective project management, cost and budget control and review (Statista.com, 2023). Additionally, sticking to a project management structure is essential to reduce risks and preserve Apple's competitive edge as new rivals employ premium pricing techniques.
• Resource Optimization: A project management framework enables better resource planning and allocation. Apart from that, it provides tools and techniques for estimating project resource requirements, identifying potential constraints and optimizing resource utilization (Qin et al., 2021). This ensures that Apple's resources, including human resources, budget and equipment, are allocated effectively and efficiently across projects.

Dynamic capability framework of Apple

Apple is able to react to shifting technology markets because to the Dynamic Capability Framework. Apple maintains its market leadership through innovation, design and marketing, encouraging client retention and loyalty. Its sophisticated service goods and software enable seamless integration and provide a distinctive user experience. As a result of this success, other businesses were influenced to diversify their markets and expand their portfolios. (Bogers and colleagues, 2019). Due to Apple's strength, the product catalogue and market diversified, which later spread to other brands.

B. Project structures and Stakeholder Management

B.1 Analyse convenient project structures, hierarchies, roles and responsibilities

Apple's appropriate project structure, hierarchies, roles and proper responsibilities are going to be discussed in detail below:

Project structures

• Functional Project Structure: Employees in this type of structure are divided into functional groups, such as marketing, finance, or engineering. Even while it guarantees functional competence, it may not be focused enough on the overall project goals and result in communication obstacles between departments.
• Matrix Project Structure: Employees are able to work on projects while still performing their functional duties thanks to a matrix structure (Peters et al., 2022). This improves flexibility and resource use, but it can also lead to tensions and power struggles between functional and project managers.
• Project-Based Structure: Teams are formed expressly for each project in this structure, which encourages a sharp focus on project goals and simplified communication. It might, however, lead to resource duplication and a lack of knowledge transfer between projects.

Identification and active engagement of stakeholders throughout the project lifecycle are essential for effective stakeholder management. The effective execution of projects in a complex context can be ensured by using strategies like stakeholder analysis, communication planning and periodic engagement assessments. These techniques can assist preserve their interest and involvement.

• Hierarchies: The degrees of authority and decision-making within a project organisation are represented by hierarchies. In a typical project hierarchy, team sponsors, team leads and team members are included. There are distinct duties and accountability requirements for each level. In conclusion, choosing a suitable project structure and creating distinct hierarchies are critical for successful project management. The ideal organisational structure should match the project's objectives, level of complexity and resource needs. At the same time, clearly defined hierarchies allow effective communication and accountability throughout the project's lifecycle.
• Roles and Responsibilities: Apple project management has various roles and responsibilities that exist in the organisation. Some of the points are discussed below:
• Project Managers: Project managers are responsible for overall project planning, execution of the project and delivery. They also coordinate resources, manage risks and ensure the project's success.
• Functional Managers: Functional managers overseas specific functional areas like the design section, the engineering part of the organisation and the marketing and sales division. Additionally, they provide guidance to project teams within their domain of expertise.
• Team Members: In the team members individuals with specialised skills who contribute to project activities and deliverables according to their assigned roles.

B.2 Critically investigate project management processes and protocols

Apple's main project management processes and protocols that are associated with the organisation. Those are evaluated in detail in this context.

• Product Development Approach: At various points in a project's lifespan, Apple may have particular methods in place for project reviews. Their design-thinking principles, which emphasise how crucial it is to take into account both the user experience and aesthetics when producing goods, are emphasized or, perhaps we should say, strengthened (Beehiveresearch.co.uk, 2023). These assessments may take the form of milestones, gate reviews, or regular assessments to analyse the project's development, strategic target alignment, resource allocation and risk management.
• Supplier and Partner Management: Apple is known for keeping its product announcements and secrecy under wraps and they might have certain communication procedures to control information flow between project teams and with external stakeholders. In order to ensure quick delivery of parts and services, Apple collaborates with a number of vendors and partners thanks to their large global supply chain (Apple.com, 2023). Project management success depends on effective communication. These procedures may contain instructions for conducting internal meetings, providing status updates and handling private project data.

B.3 Assess some specific strategies for managing stakeholder influence interest and engagement

• Stakeholder Engagement Plan: The smartphone manufacturer Apple can create stakeholder engagement plans that specify specific strategies and actions for involving various stakeholder groups. This entails choosing targeted focus groups, surveys, stakeholder workshops, or one-on-one meetings as engagement initiatives (Lu et al., 2023). Stakeholders' sense of ownership and commitment to the project is also increased by involving them in decision-making processes early on.
• Relationship Building and Interest: Building strong relationships with stakeholders and increasing interest is vital for the organization. Apple can establish personal connections through face-to-face meetings or networking events, creating opportunities for stakeholders to express their opinions, concerns and ideas (Li et al., 2021). Building trust and rapport helps in aligning stakeholder interests with project goals and mitigating potential conflicts.

C. Visionary Leadership and Team Management

C.1 Evaluation of the necessary methods of providing visionary leadership to project teams

Providing visionary leadership to project teams in an environment of high uncertainty is at least as important as it helps teams navigate challenges, adapt to changes and achieve strategic goals and steer them in the right direction. Properly implementing these methods creates the ability to embrace innovation as well as deliver successful results in a rapidly changing environment.

• Set a Compelling Vision: A vision must be able to be clearly expressed and must be in line with the organization's overarching strategic direction in order to provide purpose and direction in the face of temporary uncertainty and to motivate the project team with its vision. Through its global hardware, software and Internet services, Apple uses innovation to give students, teachers, creative professionals and consumers the finest personal computing experience possible (Discussions.apple.com, 2023). Over the life cycle of computers, environmental sustainability should come first.
• Foster a Culture of Innovation: Apple increased 74% creative employees across the US, which had a positive impact globally for their organization (Apple.com, 2023). In contrast to conventional approaches, fostering a culture of innovation at Apple encourages project teams to value creativity and out-of-the-box thinking.
• Communicate the Big Picture: Regularly communicate the larger context and strategic significance of the project to team members and motivate how everyone on the team is contributing to overall organizational goals. Every planning should be done from both professional and personal points of view and should understand the employee's values and culture well by the project management leader (Apple.com, 2023).
• Encourage Collaboration and Cross-Functional Integration: Foster collaboration, integration and open communication among team members to leverage diverse skills and perspectives. According to the report of 2021, the number of black employees across the US has increased to 71%, which Apple officials are happy to share on their website (Apple.com, 2023). Embrace both minority and majority input for positive impact on the organization, public sentiment and the environment.
• Develop Future Leaders: Investments should be made in developing the leadership capabilities of team members that provide opportunities for skill development, mentoring and career growth. According to the report of 2021, the Apple company has increased its female employees to 89% globally, which reinforces the base of their employees (Apple.com, 2023). Efforts to create future leaders among women are having a positive impact on the environment around the Apple organization, paving the way for the company to move forward.

C.2 A critical review of tools and techniques helps the project management team reach specific goals.

Project management leaders use a variety of tools and techniques to develop and establish individual and team objectives in a high-uncertainty environment, which are discussed.

• Smart goals: Every project leader is to set a SMART goal for the project management of the organization. According to the opinion of Swann et al., (2023), SMART theory defines Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time Bound Goals that are created for each individual and team to provide a clear, focused framework for a task of the Apple project management team.
• OKRs (Objectives and Key Results): Setting a big, outcome-focused goal and making decisions based on it are made easier with the help of the OKR model. According to Silva and Souza (2023), this strategy involves establishing a precise aim and objectively measurably key results to advance.
• KPIs (Key Performance Indicators): Pertinent key performance indicators should be found, to assess and monitor goal-achieving success. The KPI model offers quantifiable measurements that aid in project leaders' evaluation of both team and individual performance, claim Dipura and Soediantono in their statement from 2022. Apple finds it simpler to modify strategy and project management based on this overall measurement.

C.3 Current insights into conflict management in project teams are critically analysed

Effective management of conflict within the project team is critical to maintaining team cohesion, productivity and overall project success. Hence a critical analysis of current insights into conflict management within any project team. The key is to understand the nature of the conflict and come up with the most appropriate solution based on the situation (Developer.apple.com, 2023). Open and transparent communication is also essential for managing conflict within project teams.

C.4 Analysis of strategies a project manager can use in communicating and negotiating with stakeholders

The project manager should give active listening and developing solid working relationships a high priority in order to communicate and negotiate with stakeholders at Apple efficiently. In this process, it is crucial to comprehend the issues, goals and viewpoints of the stakeholders. Making use of active listening strategies, such as summarising, paraphrasing and asking clarifying questions, ensures that their demands are completely understood. Additionally, to appeal to the various audience's preferences, use simple, succinct language, eliminate technical jargon and display information in interesting ways, like charts and diagrams. Project managers should encourage an open and fruitful discourse that connects Apple's PMO strategies with the challenges of an uncertain environment by developing communication methods that are specifically tailored to target particular stakeholder groups.

D. Project Planning, Control and Risk Management

A consolidated management plan and its budget play a vital role in guiding the successful implementation of any project, especially in the face of environmental change and high complexity. As a PMO manager in a globally well-known company like Apple, some management planning and budgeting should emphasize integration and significance.

D.1 Introduction to integrated management planning for a particular project

• Goal alignment: The consolidated management plan helps align project goals with Apple's strategic objectives. A team is kept to test Apple devices with a group leader present. The size and members of each team are made proportionally (Apple.com, 2023). It contributes to ensuring that project outcomes and deliverables are on Apple's overall vision and mission.
• Scope management: It provides a comprehensive overview of the management plant project boundaries, including objectives and deliverables, which help define project boundaries. Ensures that focus remains on key outcomes while adapting to environmental complexity (Apple.com, 2023). It is possible to coordinate a necessary opportunity to adjust to changing conditions by periodically reviewing and updating the management plan.
• Resource Allocation: An integrated management plan can facilitate effective resource allocation, including personnel budgets and materials. Assertive project teams need to identify the skills and competencies needed to navigate any uncertain environment (Apple.com, 2023). The master plan allocates financial resources based on priority areas so that available funds can be utilised very systematically making it beneficial for Apple to execute its project management plans appropriately.
• Risk Management: Management planning projects require the framework and outline of a comprehensive approach to assessing and managing risk identification. There Apple is managing the risk by maintaining its primary entity and holding the market. Risks in an uncertain environment are more prevalent and diverse and strategies for mitigating them through certainty planning should also be included (Forbes.com, 2023). If unexpected challenges are outlined within the project management team, the team moves forward much earlier.

Role of consolidated management plan

An integrated management plan requires the creation of a road map to more important successful implementation in the Apple project. Implementation of the road map will bring together the various project elements, including scope, schedule, resource risk management, budget and communication strategy, to work in a specific direction. This naturally results in optimization of Apple's resource allocation and effective monitoring of progress. Clear communication channels increase the likelihood of project deliverables and meeting objectives while mitigating potential natural risks.

D.2 Evaluate methods for managing project costs and budgets

Effective project cost and budget management is especially important in an environment of high uncertainty. Some methods of cost and budget management are explained from the point of view of a PMO manager in the context of Apple.

Cost Estimation: Each project's costs must be precisely assessed while accounting for elements like supplies, machinery and external assemblies. To increase the precision of cost estimates, professional judgment and industry benchmarks should be taken into consideration. The App Store ecosystem has remained relatively steady over the past few years despite the Covid-19 pandemic flow, fluctuating between 27% and 29% annually (Apple.com, 2023). Apple experienced considerable growth in a few categories in 2022. According to the 2022 research, iOS app-based ride-hailing sales surged by 45%, while iOS app-based travel sales rose by 84%. These statistics demonstrate that after surviving the epidemic of the previous few years, the cost estimation of this Apple corporation is somewhat on the rise.

Figure 6: Apple Inc's expenditure on research and development from fiscal year 2007 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars)

Source: (Statista.com, 2023)

• Cost Baseline: A cost baseline should be established early in the project to provide a reference point for monitoring and cost control. The cost line represents the approved budget and serves as a benchmark against which actual costs can be measured. According to these statistics, a proper structure of the correct cost baseline is observed throughout the system. This provides Apple with a clear financial framework that ensures project management costs are effectively managed.
• Cost Control: Project costs need to be discussed and analyzed regularly against cost baselines. Effective cost control measures need to be implemented to identify any variances or deviations from the planned budget and deal with the setbacks. Currently, it is seen that Apple has stopped providing chargers with their mobiles. The buyer has to spend a separate bag for the charger. Apple earned an extra 5 billion dollars from this (Dailymail.co.uk, 2023). This is one of their examples of cost control, which many other companies in their sector have since mastered. Through transparent communication and proactive decision-making, Apple is able to maintain a strong financial position while providing high-quality products and services.

D.3 Critically review why and how to manage project costs and budgets

Cost and budget control is one of the most important steps for any organization to be very effective. In addition to this, after implementing the methods, continuous improvement is evaluated and Apple's growth is monitored. Apple spent a record $26.25 billion on research and development in fiscal 2022, an increase of nearly four billion from the 2021 total, largely due to proper project management, cost and budget control and review (Statista.com, 2023). Currently, many Apple computers have grown in the competition market and they have also adopted a premium price strategy like Apple. In that space, Apple is holding the market by maintaining its brand reputation, project cost and budget control.

D.4 Critically evaluate responses to risks and issues to minimize threats and maximize opportunities

Steps Apple's management and senior executives have taken to reduce the company's risks and increase opportunities are detailed below.

• Technological Advancements: Apple is aware of the rapidly changing nature of the technology industry and the potential for technical innovations to fail. The business promotes an environment of innovative thinking and ongoing technological adaption in order to be competitive (D'Souza, 2020). Apple intends to increase middle-class accessibility to its goods by proactively addressing the risk of high product costs. This strategy aids the business in outpacing rivals and maintaining leadership in the industry globally.
• Market Capital: As a multinational corporation, Apple is up against giants like Google, Yahoo, and Samsung. Apple's management uses contemporary technology to consistently enhance production capacity while keeping excellent product quality to combat this (Li, 2021). Apple wants to do this in order to increase its market capital and decrease the market share of its rivals.
• Regulatory Compliance: Apple is aware that it must follow by several laws and regulations because it operates in more than 20 nations. The business has a strong regulatory team in place to ensure compliance that is in charge of comprehending and upholding the unique legal needs of each nation (Pantin and Battiwalla, 2020). With this strategy, the chance of legal problems and potential losses in revenue and profit each year are reduced.
• Global Economic Factors: Apple is very aware of how changes in the political, economic, and currency markets affect its operations. The corporation closely follows global economic trends and modifies its product strategies and pricing accordingly in each country in order to reduce these risks. Apple is able to successfully traverse difficult economic circumstances thanks to this.

E. Governance, Management and Implementation of Projects

E.1 Review the governance and management of a project

The Theory of Project Governance, which emphasises the significance of developing distinct accountability, decision-making structures and control mechanisms, can be effectively applied to examine the governance and management of a project. This theory offers a thorough framework for assessing a project's governance and management procedures (Carcary, 2020). Firstly, it is advised that the governance structure of the project be evaluated to see if it complies with the theories of project governance. Furthermore, the Theory of Project Governance ought to be used to examine the extended management procedures. In arrange to guarantee consistency and viability, project management strategies should follow standards perceived by the industry, such as the Project Management Body of Information or PMBOK (Nusraningrum et al., 2020). It is basic to look at the project's adherence to venture management strategy, risk administration measures and approach to partner engagement.

The governance and management of the project can be extensively assessed by applying the Theory of Project Governance and putting these recommendations into practice. This ensures that the project follows best practices, improves accountability and encourages effective control and decision-making throughout its lifecycle.

E.2 Critically assess the extent to which project management and leadership effectively supported the implementation of a project

It is essential to take into account their impact on project success, team collaboration and stakeholder involvement when evaluating the way Apple Inc.'s project management and leadership supported the implementation of a project.

• Transformational Leadership Theory: Apple should improve its project management and leadership practices by embracing transformational leadership principles. According to this theory, a leader can motivate their team members by inspiring them with a compelling vision, encouraging innovation and giving them the freedom to make decisions on their own (Kozio?-Nadolna, 2020.). Project managers at Apple can enhance project execution and foster outstanding performance by embracing transformational leadership behaviours.

Apple can enhance efficiency, promote a high-performance culture and unlock the full potential of its project teams by putting the ideas of transformational leadership into practice (Gren and Ralph, 2022). The use of this approach will result in better project outcomes, more effective teamwork and greater stakeholder satisfaction.

E.3 Critically review the financial and risk management of a project

It is crucial to assess their success in guaranteeing financial stability, reducing risks and maximising opportunities in order to objectively examine the financial and risk management of a project at Apple Inc.

Financial Management

Apple has to work on strengthening its procedures for cost estimation and control. It is possible to produce more precise cost estimates and improve project expense tracking by putting strategies like earned value management or activity-based costing into use. Apple can be guided by the Theory of Constraints or TOC in locating and handling bottlenecks that could affect project expenses (Thistlewood and Judd, 2019). Apple may improve cost efficiency and optimise resource use by recognising and resolving these limits. Furthermore, Apple has to perform routine financial inspections and audits to bolster its financial control processes. Key performance indicators that are connected to financial parameters, such as cost variation and return on investment, can offer insightful information about the financial health of a project.

Risk Management

Apple has to create a thorough risk identification and analysis approach to improve its risk management procedures. The use of sensitivity analysis or Monte Carlo simulation can offer a quantitative assessment of risk exposure and support the creation of effective risk response plans (Guan et al., 2021). Apple should also give priority to integrating risk management throughout the project management lifecycle. A broad and comprehensive approach to risk control can be implemented using the COSO ERM framework as a guide.

These suggestions can help Apple improve its financial management procedures by assuring accurate cost estimation, efficient financial control and well-informed decision-making.

E.4 Develop justified recommendations for the way the governance, management and implementation of a project could be improved

The following substantiated suggestions can be made based on the idea of agile project management to enhance the governance, management and implementation of projects at Apple Inc.

• Adopt Agile Project Management: Apple may consider implementing agile project management methodologies like Scrum or Kanban to enhance project governance and management (Dewey, 2023). Agile approaches promote flexibility, adaptability and teamwork, empowering teams to respond to changing requirements and environmental threats in an efficient manner.
• Encourage Continuous Improvement: Apple ought to encourage project teams to continuously develop. This can be accomplished by holding routine retrospectives during which team members examine their operations, pinpoint areas for improvement and make the necessary adjustments.
• Foster Collaborative Communication: Apple ought to set a high priority on fostering honest and open communication between project teams and stakeholders (Eisenreich et al., 2021). It is important to use efficient communication channels like project panels, regular stand-up meetings and visual management tools. This promotes cooperation among team members, permits quick information exchange and reduces misunderstandings.
• Provide Training and Support: Apple should invest in development and training initiatives for project managers and team members to improve their Agile project management skills. For the purpose of ensuring a complete comprehension and application of Agile principles and practises, this can involve Agile certifications, workshops and coaching sessions.

Apple may enhance its governance, management and project implementation by implementing these suggestions based on Agile Project Management concepts. Greater flexibility, adaptability and collaboration will be made possible by this strategy, which will improve project outcomes and client satisfaction.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, Apple has been able to achieve top-notch leadership globally in terms of technology. Apple has had to make several bold decisions to mitigate all its critical risks and maximize opportunities, which are detailed and thoroughly explained in this assignment. Through this research, it is known that one of the main challenges of Apple is the competition created for contemporary organizations in the global market. Strategically, Apple continues to increase quality investors in global markets and continues to grow franchises worldwide. As a result, Apple's competition risk is relatively reduced. Global supply chain management has to be very robust and organized, with a slight deviation in the supply chain leading to a huge tendency to provide global services, so Apple is trying to strengthen this system by hiring the right and skilled employees. Technology is constantly changing all over the world. Everyday technology is getting better and better. That is why Apple is constantly changing the technology of its products and is able to provide the desired products to the customers.

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