Soldiers Exercise And Biological Aspects Assignment Sample

Introduction of Soldiers Exercise And Biological Aspects

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i) The heart rate and breath rate of a soldier have been recorded during an exercise.

The graphical representation of the above table is given below.

 Heart rate and breath rate with respect to time

(Source: Excel)

ii) After the 5th minute of the exercise the soldier started to run as his heart rate started to increase suddenly and after the 15th minute the soldier’s heart rate decreased and also the respiratory rate decreased gradually which indicated that the soldier stopped running after the 15th minute.

iii) Hypercapnia or carbon dioxide retention in the body might be dangerous sometimes. It assists to imbalance the blood pH level (Blood pH level decreases). Increased level of pCO2 and decreased level of pO2 and resulting in respiratory acidosis which may hamper our body functioning. When the soldier was running his respiratory rate and breathe rate increased and simultaneously the body failed to remove excess carbon dioxide from the body and maybe he was suffering from hypercapnia. It can be diagnosed by the venous or arterial blood gas. Chemoreceptors can help to sensor the increased level of CO2 levels in the terms of pCO2, pO2, blood pH, etc (Patel et al. 2022). Cardiac output and breathing rate have been disturbed by this. The peripheral chemoreceptors located in the carotid or aortic bodies can detect the changes in CO2 and O2 level in the blood, whereas the central chemoreceptors located in the ventrolateral surface of medulla are sensitive to the changes of pCO2 and pH. The sympathetic outflow in the autonomic nervous system to the vasculature increases and thus respiratory rate increases.

When the soldier stopped running the body started to regulate more oxygen in the bloodstream and thus relaxed gradually which is a type of homeostasis (Meizlish et al. 2021). The increased body temperature of the soldier during the exercise was gradually decreased down to the normal temperature by the process of homeostasis and helped to maintain the internal body stability. Hypothalamus is a part of the central nervous system which regulates the body temperature. Three main components of the homeostasis are receptors, control center and effector.

Hypercapnia can be treated by using a mask which provides oxygen in the lungs, taking adequate rest, and other treatments if it becomes too severe (Tripathi et al. 2019). Therefore, doctors prescribe some drugs including xanax, valium, etc. to relieve pain and anxiety. 

iv) Adrenaline or chemically known as epinephrine is generally excreted in the bloodstream when stress and anxiety increases to encourage “flight or fight” responses (Maunder et al. 2020)

Therefore, it is strongly related to any sporting event or exercise. The release of adrenaline during the exercise would help to maintain the focus and concentration into it. Thus, a soldier's performance is dependent by the right proportionate excretion of adrenaline during the exercise.

References

Journals

Maunder, E.D., Plews, D.J., Merien, F. and Kilding, A.E., 2020. Exercise intensity regulates the effect of heat stress on substrate oxidation rates during exercise. European Journal of Sport Science, 20(7), pp.935-943.

Meizlish, M.L., Franklin, R.A., Zhou, X. and Medzhitov, R., 2021. Tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Annual review of immunology, 39, pp.557-581.

Tripathi, A., Xu, Z.Z., Xue, J., Poulsen, O., Gonzalez, A., Humphrey, G., Meehan, M.J., Melnik, A.V., Ackermann, G., Zhou, D. and Malhotra, A., 2019. Intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia reproducibly change the gut microbiome and metabolome across rodent model systems. MSystems, 4(2), pp.e00058-19.