Role Of Smart Cities In Saudi Arabia Assignment Sample

Chapter 1: Introduction To The Role Of Smart Cities In Saudi Arabia

Background

Saudi Arabia is one of the countries in the world that have established smart cities to face the urban challenges. There are many smart cities now in Saudi Arabia like Riyadh, Yanbu: Industrial City, Makkah, Jeddah, Madinah, Al-Ahsa, and Neom. In the coming years, Saudi Arabia will have massive growth in the Smart City market. (Alam et al. 2021) The recorded value of Saudi Arabia's smart cities market is estimated at approximately $3,552.1 million in the year 2019 and that is projected to reach $14,745.2 million by the year 2027. It will be growing in CAGR of 19.6% from the year 2020 to 2027. It has been estimated that more than half of the population of Saudi Arabia will move to urban areas as the country has strong urbanization. 90.4% of the urban population is recorded to reach by the end of the year 2050. On April 25th, 2016, Mohammad Bin Salman the crown prince of Saudi Arabia announced “Saudi Vision 2030” which intends to decrease Saudi Arabia's 30% of dependency on its overall GDP.

Research Aim

The aim of this research is to find the technological coordination in smart cities of Saudi Arabia. Technological arrangements like the IoT or Internet of Things are used to improve the productivity of urban cities in Saudi Arabia. This research intends to find the use of man-made reasoning (Artificial Intelligence) in Urban Cities of Saudi Arabia that aims to consider information-driven direction.

Research Objective

1. To research Saudi Arabia's smart city market value by the year 2027.
2. To research the population of urban cities by the end of 2050.
3. To identify the changes that occurred in Saudi Arabia after Urbanization.

Research Question

1. What changes occurred in Saudi Arabia after urbanization?
2. What made people in Saudi Arabia choose urbanization?

3. How has the GDP of Saudi Arabia changed after urbanization?

Research Rationale

This topic has been chosen for this research as the smart cities of Saudi Arabia hold huge importance as the nation goes through huge urban city development. Previous ideas and modern urban cities cultivated development, and economic growth, and further developed administration through advanced arrangements. (Al-Sayed et al. 2022) Saudi Arabia's obligation to rural city improvement lines up with worldwide patterns and positions the country at the bleeding edge of innovative improvements. The accentuation on the connection, information-driven direction, and resident commitment connote an essential way to deal with urbanization, promising a future where innovation assumes a significant part in molding flourishing and strong connections across Saudi Arabia.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Empirical Study

Moving to Smart Cities of Saudi Arabia

According to authors Doheim, Farag, and Badawi (2019), innovations in smart cities in Saudi Arabia have been rapidly growing. The cities in Saudi Arabia are changing into smart cities like Yanbu: Industrial City, Neom City, etc. The author also discussed smart governance, smart mobility, smart economy, smart people, and smart living styles in the Smart cities of Saudi Arabia. The author explained why they live in urban areas or smart cities (Doheim, Farag, and Badawi, 2019). The impact of the Oil boom in the urban cities of Saudi Arabia is also discussed in the author's research paper. The researcher explained how the discovery of oil in Saudi Arabia improved the economic growth of Saudi Arabia.

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Entrepreneurial self-efficacy

According to authors T. Nuseir, Basheer, and Aljumah (2020), the growth of Artificial Intelligence has improved the economic growth of Saudi Arabia (T. Nuseir, Basheer, and Aljumah, 2020). The author explained how the growth of artificial intelligence has improved the cities and that helps in employment, competition, and productivity. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia plays as a trade center in the MENA region. The author explains in his research paper that \Saudi Arabia recently made a billion-dollar project called Neom or New Future. The author also explains in his research paper that the people of Saudi Arabia need food, water, and various supplements. It is also discussed in his research paper Entrepreneur Intention in Smart City in Saudi Arabia.

Smart sustainable cities

According to the authors El-Kholei, and Yassine, (2019), cities in Saudi Arabia need the technology, information, and innovation to make smart cities in the country. The author explains the high rate of illiteracy which is the main cause that lacks the participation in the political field (El-Kholei, and Yassine, 2019). The research paper explains the main cause of illiteracy in Saudi Arabia and other Asian countries. Saudi Arabia has massive smart cities that have plenty of information and communication technology compared to other cities in Saudi Arabia. The author in his research paper said that smart cities provide great sustainability to help the world. The impact of smart cities has also been discussed by the author in his research paper.

Figure 1: Smart Sustainable City features

(Source: www.researchgate.net)

Rapid Sustainability

According to the author Almulhim, and Cobbinah, (2023), it has been discussed between sustainability and urbanization. The author also discussed the urban plan collision in smart cities in Saudi Arabia. The author in his research paper said that there is rapid growth in the urbanization of the population in Saudi Arabia (Almulhim, and Cobbinah, 2023). The research paper briefly explained the urbanization of the cities in Saudi Arabia from an urban planning perspective. According to the author, the maximum population of Saudi Arabia is prepared to move to urban cities by the end of the year 2027. The author also discussed the disadvantages of a smart city for people living in it. The impact of urbanization is also been discussed in the author's research paper, along with the advantages of smart city or going urban. The migration to urban cities intends to grow in population in Saudi Arabia is explained briefly in his research paper.

Literature Gap

Saudi Arabia has adopted new strategies for their smart city or urban cities which intend to improve the information technology and the Internet of Things. The maximum population of Saudi Arabia's rural cities is migrating to the urban cities or smart cities by the end of 2027. The number of people going to migrate to the urban cities has not been discussed due to the rapid migration of the population to those cities causing changes in the information daily.

Chapter 3: Methodology

Research Philosophy

This research will follow the Pragmatism Approach. The role of smart cities in Saudi Arabia lines up with full research reasoning because of its viable and critical-thinking nature (Khan, Algarni, and Quasim, 2021). Logic underscores the meaning of useful results over inflexible adherence to a particular research approach (Khan, Algarni, and Quasim, 2021). With regard to brilliant urban cities or smart cities, the diverse difficulties and open doors request an adaptable strategic philosophy that combines quantitative and subjective techniques.

Research Approach

This research will follow the Deductive Approach. This topic gives the complex nature of the smart cities in Saudi Arabia as it begins with laid-out ideas and theories. Given the perplexing idea of smart city elements, beginning with hypothetical structures gives an organized and precise establishment. This approach allows specialists to test existing research against known information, working with thorough research of what technological reconciliation means for urban city improvement in the remarkable setting of Saudi Arabia.

Research Strategy

This research will follow the Case study approach and Archival Research Approach. The subject of "The role of smart cities in Saudi Arabia" is highly complicated, including a large number of mechanical, social, financial, and natural aspects. A blended techniques research strategy is appropriate for this intricacy as it empowers scientists to utilize different instruments and procedures to catch the multi-layered nature of brilliant smart city improvement.

Research Method

The research will follow both Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches as it catches its complicated nature. Quantitative techniques empower the estimation of mechanical productivity and monetary effect, giving measurable bits of knowledge. In the interim, subjective strategies reveal the social, and administration complexities forming smart city elements (Aljoufie, and Tiwari, 2022). The mix of the two methods guarantees a complete investigation, permitting specialists to evaluate key viewpoints as well as dive into the subjective subtleties. This systemic cooperative energy works with a more powerful comprehension of the different variables impacting the achievement and difficulties of modern city improvement in the remarkable areas of Saudi Arabia.

Data Collection Method

The research “The Role of Smart Cities in Saudi Arabia” follows both Primary and secondary approaches. The primary method will be collected by surveying 51 participants from Saudi Arabia's urban areas or smart cities and the secondary method will be collected by collecting various journals and research reports from various researchers around the world.

Data Analysis Method

The research “The Role of Smart Cities in Saudi Arabia” includes both primary and secondary methods, where the primary method will be collected through a survey of 51 participants and to analyze those survey details the tool Excel will be used. Similarly, the secondary method will be collected by collecting journals and\ research papers that will be thematically analyzed compared with the topic.

Time Horizon

Figure 2: Gantt Chart

(Source: Self-Created in Project Libre)

Conclusion

In conclusion, the proposal gives a brief knowledge of the role of smart cities in Saudi Arabia and the urbanization of the country. The migration of people of Saudi Arabia from rural cities to Urban cities. A brief knowledge of the sustainability of smart cities in Saudi Arabia will also be discussed in this research paper.

References

Journals

• Alam, T., Khan, M.A., Gharaibeh, N.K. and Gharaibeh, M.K., 2021. Big data for smart cities: a case study of NEOM city, Saudi Arabia. Smart cities: a data analytics perspective, pp.215-230.
• Aljoufie, M. and Tiwari, A., 2022. Citizen sensors for smart city planning and traffic management: crowdsourcing geospatial data through smartphones in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. GeoJournal, 87(4), pp.3149-3168.
• Almulhim, A.I. and Cobbinah, P.B., 2023. Can rapid urbanization be sustainable? The case of Saudi Arabian cities. Habitat International, 139, p.102884.
• Al-Sayed, A., Al-Shammari, F., Alshutayri, A., Aljojo, N., Aldhahri, E. and Abouola, O., 2022. The Smart City-Line in Saudi Arabia: Issue and Challenges. Postmodern Openings, 13(1 Sup1), pp.15-37.
• Doheim, R.M., Farag, A.A. and Badawi, S., 2019. Smart city vision and practices across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia—a review. Smart cities: Issues and challenges, pp.309-332.
• Doheim, R.M., Farag, A.A. and Badawi, S., 2019. Smart city vision and practices across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia—a review. Smart cities: Issues and challenges, pp.309-332.
• El-Kholei, A.O. and Yassine, G., 2019. The mirage of smart sustainable cities in the Arab region. Open House International, 44(1), pp.8-16.
• Khan, M.A., Algarni, F. and Quasim, M.T. eds., 2021. Smart Cities: A Data Analytics Perspective. Springer International Publishing.
• Nuseir, M., Basheer, M.F. and Aljumah, A., 2020. Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions in smart city of Neom Saudi Arabia: Does the entrepreneurial education on artificial intelligence matter?. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), p.1825041.