Resilience and Risk Management in International Supply Chains Case Study Sample

Introduction To Resilience And Risk Management In International Supply Chains

The global maritime industry, an imperative course of international trade, winds up investigating bizarre waters amidst the nonstop Russia and Ukraine conflict. As geopolitical strains rise, the repercussions on international shipping routes have become dynamically expressed. This assessment project dives into the astounding snare of challenges faced by the maritime region, focusing on the resilience strategies and risk management practices sent considering the geopolitical aggravation. Against the foundation of this dynamic and complex environment, the place of this study is to dismantle and analyse how shipping associations travel through the weaknesses introduced by the Russia and Ukraine wars. The objectives are triple: first, to analyse the unquestionable impact of the conflict on international shipping routes; second, to recognize and survey the resilience strategies completed by shipping components; and third, to assess the ampleness of risk management gauges concerning the constant geopolitical trouble.

The central investigation question driving this solicitation is: How do shipping associations direct resilience and moderate risks in international supply chains during the Russia and Ukraine war? This question fills in as the compass coordinating the examination of unequivocal challenges faced by the maritime industry and the imaginative strategies embraced to address them. The thinking for undertaking this investigation lies in the fundamental meaning of understanding how the maritime region acclimates to geopolitical disruptions. By loosening up the layers of resilience and risk management, this study contributes significant encounters that can enlighten industry practices and procedure decisions. As we leave on this examination, the point is to understand the continuous challenges as well as to outfit the industry with data that energizes status for future weaknesses.

1.1 Research Background

The foundation of this research wraps up the multifaceted challenges faced by the global maritime industry straightforwardly following the Russia and Ukraine conflict. As geopolitical strains uplift, international shipping routes, usually considered courses of smooth trade stream, are by and by reliant upon exceptional disruptions (Chunsheng et al. 2020). The persistent conflict has set off a flowing sort of impact, undulating through supply chains and demanding a careful understanding of its impact on the maritime region. Overall, geopolitical events had a basic impact on the course of international trade, and the Russia and Ukraine war is winding up no extraordinary case. The maritime industry, being a key part of the global supply chain, faces severe challenges going from course changes to raised security concerns. Researching the assessment establishment incorporates unravelling the layers of multifaceted design including the association between geopolitical dynamics and maritime logistics. Understanding the real setting and the propelling thought of the conflict is essential to investigate the intricacies of how the maritime industry answers such disruptions. This assessment hopes to add to this understanding by uncovering knowledge about the resilience strategies and risk management practices used by shipping associations during these troublesome times. In doing so, it intends to give critical pieces of information that contribute not solely to academic talk but also to the rational improvement of the industry's ability to change and prosper amidst geopolitical weaknesses.

1.2 Aim

The fundamental aim of this assessment is to investigate and break down the resilience strategies and risk management practices embraced by the global maritime industry because of the ceaseless Russia and Ukraine conflict. By researching the specific challenges constrained by geopolitical stresses on international shipping routes, this review attempts to contribute huge encounters that overhaul our understanding of how the maritime region investigates and mitigates risks during such wild geopolitical events. Through a connected examination of resilience measures and risk management shows, the point is to give a nuanced understanding that can enlighten industry chips away at, policymaking, and educational talk, finally developing the region's flexibility and status for future weaknesses.

1.3 Objectives

• To Investigate the impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on shipping routes.
• To Recognize resilience strategies required by shipping associations in like manner.
• To Dissect the occupation of development in further developing shipping resilience.
• To Evaluate the financial impacts and risk management practices.
• To designs directing international shipping during conflicts.

1.4 Research Question

• How are shipping routes impacted by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and what challenges do they pose for global supply chains?
• What adaptable measures do shipping associations use to further develop resilience amidst geopolitical weaknesses?
• How is advancement used in the maritime industry to foster shipping exercises during the Russia-Ukraine conflict?
• What is the money-related repercussions of the conflict on the maritime region, and how do associations manage these risks?
• How fruitful are current rules for international shipping during geopolitical trouble, and what redesigns can further develop industry resilience?

1.5 Research Rationale

The research structure is intended to unravel the intricacies of the maritime industry amidst the Russia-Ukraine conflict, aligning with the objectives. The introduction sets the stage, framing the geopolitical setting. The research overview conclusively dismantles careful investigations, literature review, and models, laying a foundation for understanding resilience strategies. The method, utilizing a total data collection approach, ensures a nuanced investigation of industry responses. The writing opening traverses speculative information and genuine application. Each part contributes synergistically, fostering a sweeping awareness of shipping challenges, resilience measures, and risk management strategies, in this way achieving the overarching objective of enhancing the industry's adaptability during geopolitical disruptions.

1.6 Research Framework

Figure 1: Research Framework

(Source: Self-created in draw.io )

Literature Review

2.1 Empirical Studies

2.1.1 Adaptability Methods of Meso Level

According to Azadegan et al. 2021, The Covid pandemic has conveyed exceptional troubles to supply associations, underlining the necessity for solid frameworks. This article examines a typology of adaptability techniques, uncovering an understanding of meso-level flexibility, a perspective habitually dismissed in existing composition. The article presents three levels of collaboration inside and between supply associations: small level, including direct coordination among buyers and suppliers; enormous scope level, where endeavours cooperate with foundations like government or trade affiliations; besides, meso-level, portrayed by facilitated exertion among various store networks on short-to medium-term possibilities. The Meso-level adaptability methodology, exemplified by cross-region/cross-line joint endeavours, emerges as a dynamic and spearheading approach (Azadegan et al. 2021). The exposition digs into the development of alliances and features their expected effect on production network versatility, for example, the Coronavirus Medical Care Alliance in the US and the Container European Security Protecting Vicinity Following alliance. The Meso-level collaboration model connects past the pandemic, as found in drives like the Advanced Bet Foundation and the 2020 raw parts agreement in Europe.

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Figure 2: Three Types of Supply Network Resiliencies

(Source: Azadegan et al. 2021)

Concerning the assignment focusing on "Adaptability and Risk the Board in Overall Reserve Chains during Russia and Ukraine War," the meso-level strength approach becomes crucial. This article's encounters will enlighten the composing study, adding to a nuanced cognizance of helpful systems even with basic interferences. By providing a calculated structure to Meso-level strength, the selected article aligns with the project's objectives and provides significant perspectives for examining the selected contextual analysis in delivery transportation.

2.1.2 Store network Twins for Adaptability for Stock organization Danger

According to Ivanov et al. 2019, the fundamental occupation of electronic progressions, including Industry 4.0, Blockchain, and continuous data assessment, in working on unique assistance for store organization (SC) risks the leaders. The importance of information quality, completion, and accessibility is emphasized, and the emphasis is placed on anticipating and responding to disturbances in the production network. The mix of diversion, improvement, and data assessment is proposed to approach a modernized twin — a data-driven method for managing and regulating aggravation takes a risk in the SC (Ivanov et al. 2019). The possibility of an electronic SC twin is introduced, tending to the association state out of nowhere and giving beginning-to-end SC detectable quality. The motivation behind this model is to test emergency courses of action and increment strength. The article looks at the likely moves toward digital actual SCs and proposes an SC risk investigation structure. It imagines how a "Low-Conviction Need" (LCN) SC system can consolidate flexibility and lean reasoning through savvy tasks and computerized innovations.

Figure 3: Digitalization framework of supply chain risk management

(Source: Ivanov et al. 2019)

This article adds significant knowledge to the project titled "Flexibility and Hazard the Board in Worldwide Stock Chains during the War Between Russia and Ukraine." It lines up with the errand's objectives by presenting a forward-looking perspective on using electronic twins for SC flexibility. The proposed SC risk assessment framework can enlighten the technique area, coordinating the assurance and usage of automated progresses in taking apart aggravations achieved by global events.

2.1.3 PC-based network creation and adaptability an Observational Examination of Web business Stock organization

According to Modgil et al. 2022, Just after the critical aggravations achieved by the Covid pandemic, affiliations are grappling with the essentials to fortify their stock chains against startling troubles.

This observational survey, focusing on the electronic business region, dives into the momentous occupation of Man-made mental ability (computerized reasoning) in supporting creation network adaptability. Drawing pieces of information from 35 gatherings with web business store network subject matter experts, the investigation sees five critical spaces where man-created knowledge can present adaptability. Man-made intelligence engages partners with increased permeability and enables informed navigation right off the bat by encouraging simplicity. Moreover, it propels last-mile movement, ensuring the adequacy and dependability of assignment associations (Modgil et al. 2022). Thirdly, simulated intelligence encourages cooperative effort by providing individualized responses to both upstream and downstream members. Also, its perceptive limits help in restricting aggravation impacts, while in like manner supporting the itemizing of flexible securing approaches. The examination of dynamic abilities improved by simulated intelligence, which gives substantial bits of knowledge to overcome any barrier between hypothesis and practice, makes this study remarkable. A valuable system for organizations hoping to exploit simulated intelligence's capability to reinforce production network versatility notwithstanding progressing vulnerability is given by the critical repercussions.

2.2 Theories and Models

2.2.1 Diversity of Theories in Supply Chain Resilience

The research of speculations and models supporting stock organisation strength is imperative to decipher the confounded components of the ocean business amidst worldwide tensions. Inside this space, a load of speculations adds to how we might interpret adaptability. Striking among them are Complexity Speculation, Resource View (RBV), and Dynamic Capacities Theory, each offering unquestionable perspectives on definitive adaptability (Wieland et al. 2021). Unpredictability Theory states that affiliations exist in diverse conditions, requiring adaptable methods for adaptability. RBV affirms that organizations with extraordinary and important assets are better prepared to explore disturbances and puts an accentuation on the essential designation of assets. Dynamic Limits Theory features an affiliation's ability to organize, structure, and reconfigure inside and external capacities effectively.

2.2.2 Key Factors: Flexibility, Adaptability, and Responsiveness

The inventory network versatility writing distinguishes responsiveness, flexibility, and Flexibility as key elements. Versatility licenses the relationship to adjust to unforeseen changes, adaptability incorporates changing techniques to new circumstances, and responsiveness demonstrates the ability to answer quickly to unsettling influences. The exchange of these components approaches the supporting of serious areas of strength for an organization, enabling fast changes and key responses even with worldwide challenges.

2.2.3 Identifying Literature Gaps

Despite the overflow of assessment, openings keep valuing the convoluted associations between flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness for the creation of network adaptability (Shekarian et al. 2021). The composition, while simultaneously perceiving the significance of these components, much of the time comes up short in giving a sweeping appreciation of their trade. It is still impossible to carry out an in-depth investigation into how each of these parts interacts with one another or opposes one another. Watching out for these openings is essential for creating convincing bet-the-board strategies that resonate with the nuanced challenges introduced by worldwide aggravations.

2.2.4 The Imperative for Comprehensive Understanding

The writing emphasizes the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between adaptability, versatility, and responsiveness. A nuanced view of how these factors cooperate or battle inside the marvellous snare of stock organization components is essential for convincing bet the board. Businesses looking into international vulnerabilities can learn a lot from future research by digging deeper into these connections. In coming about parts, these speculative underpinnings will be unusually woven into the assessment of the maritime business' response to the Russia-Ukraine battle, loosening up the diverse layers of store network strength and danger the leader's frameworks.

2.3 Literature Gap

The writing on Meso level adaptability strategies amidst global challenges reveals a prominent opening in understanding how these methods integrate with greater resilience frameworks. While the article uncovers insight into agreeable undertakings, there is a limited investigation of how meso-level strategies synergize with miniature and full-scale level parts. Addressing this opening is crucial for a comprehensive impression of the layered components of supply chain resilience.

The writing examining the occupation of digital twins in inventory management riskily overlooks the interconnectedness of digitalization with other resilience-enhancing factors. A writing opening emerges as there is minimal investigation of how digital twins line up with standard techniques or other mechanical innovations (Scholten et al. 2020 ). Bridging this opening is central to streamlining the integration of digitalization into greater supply chain resilience strategies. While the article is based on Man-made reasoning (AI) fostering flexibility, the existing writing comes up short in delineating how AI interacts with other resilience angles. The writing opening turns out to be clear without even a hint of a thorough investigation of AI's helpful energy with laid-out resilience factors like adaptability and responsiveness. Closing this opening is essential for a nuanced understanding of AI's part in shaping careful supply chain resilience strategies.

Methodology

3.1 Proposed Research Methodology

The proposed research methodology embraces a thorough examination of discretionary data sources to plunge into the maritime industry's response amidst the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Leveraging educational databases, industry reports, and news sources, this approach ensures a thorough investigation. By scrutinizing existing information and authoritative resources, the research aims to distils critical insights into how the maritime sector explores challenges introduced by geopolitical disruptions. Through an exact overview of insightful articles and industry reports, this methodology hopes to contribute nuanced viewpoints on resilience strategies and risk management within the setting of the ongoing conflict.

3.2 Research approach (Deductive and/or Inductive)

The research approach combines deductive and inductive reasoning to ensure a total exploration of the maritime industry's response during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Deductive reasoning gives an organized framework, guiding the initial investigation considering existing theories and models. Simultaneously, inductive reasoning allows for flexibility, enabling the audit to uncover new models and insights within the specific data. This twofold approach works with a sensible analysis, leveraging laid out theories while remaining open to emerging themes and unexplored highlights. The collaboration among deductive and inductive methods works on the research's profundity and adaptability in understanding the intricacies of resilience and risk management in international supply chains amidst geopolitical disruptions.

3.3 Research strategy

The research strategy for this study is a combined approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative strategies, including content analysis of educational articles and media sources, give a nuanced exploration of the maritime industry's responses during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Complementing this, quantitative parts, for instance, quantifiable data from industry reports offer a more broad point of view and approve qualitative findings. This combined strategy aims to utilize the characteristics of the two approaches, ensuring a broad and solid analysis of the resilience and risk management strategies used by the maritime industry in navigating the challenges introduced by geopolitical disruptions.

3.4 Sampling and methods of data collection

In the sampling and data collection stage, an exact approach has been used, focusing on insightful research papers and industry reports. The model includes rigorously picked articles from good databases like Elsevier, Springer, and JSTOR, ensuring an alternate extent of points of view. Industry reports from respected organizations like the Baltic and International Maritime Gathering (BIMCO) and the International Office of Shipping (ICS) contribute important insights into practical applications. This fundamental choice certifications a strong and delegate dataset, aligning with the research objectives to thoroughly analyze the maritime industry's strategies during the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

3.7 Methods of data analysis

The data analysis methodology utilizes both qualitative-quantitative approach. Qualitative substance analysis is applied to take apart printed information from scholastic articles, industry reports, and media sources, extracting nuanced insights into resilience strategies and risk management rehearses. Simultaneously, quantitative methods involve the orderly categorization and evaluation of key themes and examples distinguished in the data. This blended methods strategy empowers an all-encompassing understanding of the maritime industry's reactions to geopolitical disruptions. By combining qualitative profundity with quantitative rigor, the analysis aims to give a thorough and nuanced portrayal, facilitating powerful ends and insights for the review's goals.

Proposed Bibliography

List of references used in project proposal

• Azadegan, A., Modi, S. and Lucianetti, L., 2021. Surprising supply chain disruptions: Mitigation effects of operational slack and supply redundancy. International Journal of Production Economics, 240, p.108218.
• Ivanov, D. and Dolgui, A., 2019. Low-Certainty-Need (LCN) supply chains: a new perspective in managing disruption risks and resilience. International Journal of Production Research, 57(15-16), pp.5119-5136.
• Modgil, S., Singh, R.K. and Hannibal, C., 2022. Artificial intelligence for supply chain resilience: learning from Covid-19. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 33(4), pp.1246-1268.

Other References List

Journals

• and Dooley, K., 2021. A typology of supply network resilience strategies: complex collaborations in a complex world. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 57(1), pp.17-26.
• Abeysekara, N., Wang, H. and Kuruppuarachchi, D., 2019. Effect of supply-chain resilience on firm performance and competitive advantage: A study of the Sri Lankan apparel industry. Business Process Management Journal, 25(7), pp.1673-1695.
• Ali, I. and Gölgeci, I., 2019. Where is supply chain resilience research heading? A systematic and co-occurrence analysis. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 49(8), pp.793-815.
• Can Saglam, Y., Yildiz Çankaya, S. and Sezen, B., 2021. Proactive risk mitigation strategies and supply chain risk management performance: an empirical analysis for manufacturing firms in Turkey. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(6), pp.1224-1244.
• Chen, H.Y., Das, A. and Ivanov, D., 2019. Building resilience and managing post-disruption supply chain recovery: Lessons from the information and communication technology industry. International Journal of Information Management, 49, pp.330-342.
• Chunsheng, L., Wong, C.W., Yang, C.C., Shang, K.C. and Lirn, T.C., 2020. Value of supply chain resilience: roles of culture, flexibility, and integration. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 50(1), pp.80-100.
• Han, Y., Chong, W.K. and Li, D., 2020. A systematic literature review of the capabilities and performance metrics of supply chain resilience. International Journal of Production Research, 58(15), pp.4541-4566.
• Ivanov, D. and Dolgui, A., 2021. A digital supply chain twin for managing the disruption risks and resilience in the era of Industry 4.0. Production Planning & Control, 32(9), pp.775-788.
• Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., Das, A. and Sokolov, B., 2019. Digital supply chain twins: Managing the ripple effect, resilience, and disruption risks by data-driven optimization, simulation, and visibility. Handbook of ripple effects in the supply chain, pp.309-332.
• Kim, K. and Bui, L., 2019. Learning from Hurricane Maria: Island ports and supply chain resilience. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 39, p.101244.
• Lund, S., Manyika, J., Woetzel, J., Barriball, E. and Krishnan, M., 2020. Risk, resilience, and rebalancing in global value chains.
• Miroudot, S., 2020. Resilience versus robustness in global value chains: Some policy implications. COVID-19 and trade policy: Why turning inward won't work, pp.117-130.
• Mishra, R., Singh, R.K. and Subramanian, N., 2022. Impact of disruptions in agri-food supply chain due to COVID-19 pandemic: contextualised resilience framework to achieve operational excellence. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 33(3), pp.926-954.
• Modgil, S., Gupta, S., Stekelorum, R. and Laguir, I., 2021. AI technologies and their impact on supply chain resilience during COVID-19. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 52(2), pp.130-149.
• Negri, M., Cagno, E., Colicchia, C. and Sarkis, J., 2021. Integrating sustainability and resilience in the supply chain: A systematic literature review and a research agenda. Business Strategy and the environment, 30(7), pp.2858-2886.
• Ralston, P. and Blackhurst, J., 2020. Industry 4.0 and resilience in the supply chain: a driver of capability enhancement or capability loss? International Journal of Production Research, 58(16), pp.5006-5019.
• Razak, G.M., Hendry, L.C. and Stevenson, M., 2023. Supply chain traceability: A review of the benefits and its relationship with supply chain resilience. Production Planning & Control, 34(11), pp.1114-1134.
• Sawyerr, E. and Harrison, C., 2020. Developing resilient supply chains: lessons from high-reliability organisations. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 25(1), pp.77-100.
• Scholten, K., Stevenson, M. and van Donk, D.P., 2020. Dealing with the unpredictable: supply chain resilience. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 40(1), pp.1-10.
• Shekarian, M. and Mellat Parast, M., 2021. An Integrative approach to supply chain disruption risk and resilience management: a literature review. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 24(5), pp.427-455.
• Wieland, A. and Durach, C.F., 2021. Two perspectives on supply chain resilience. Journal of Business Logistics, 42(3), pp.315-322.