Push & Pull Factors Combined in Motivating Tesco's Internationalization Strategy

Introduction of Push And Pull Factors Combined To Motivate Tesco To Accommodate An Internationalization Strategy

Pull and push factors have a great contribution in the business market of a company. These factors control the trade of the company either by demotivating the company to enter into a new market from its domestic market or by attracting the business of the company in the foreign market. These factors have a great influence on a company. The multinational general merchandise company Tesco uses these push and pull factors to accommodate an international business strategy. This UK-based company is highly motivated by the pull and push factors to be an excellent foreign retailer of merchandise. Currently these factors help to expand Tesco’s international business to various countries such as Australia, Ireland, Hungary, Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Republic, India and many more. The role of push and pull factors, international business strategies, outcomes of the pull and push factors on the business strategies, mode of implementation, challenges for the implementation, benefits after the implementation and the recent status of the international business will be discussed broadly in context of the Tesco Company. The assessment of the pull and push factors on the Tesco Company helps to analyze the importance of these factors for the motivation of a business to go international.

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Research problem

The pull factors and push factors play a great responsibility in the “internationalization strategy” of a business but there are several problems. The major problem is that there is no specific information about the exact implementation of the factors in the international market strategy. The push factors work as the negative approach for a business to move the business to go international but there is no proper guidance about how those factors can be applied in such a way that the business can be benefitted from those push factors. On the other hand, the pull factors works as the positive approach for a business to attract the international market but there is no mention of any challenges that can be faced by a business after adopting these. Because of limited knowledge about these problems, it is hard to find a solution against the adverse effects of these factors. In Tesco Company, the implementation of pull and push factors have been stated that assist the company to attract the international market but these are specific to the company (Chen, 2022). Other companies from different sectors may have different challenges that cannot be solved by the data obtained from the basis of this company [referred to Appendix 1: Push-Pull factors]

Research question

Q1: Which push factors are identified in the literature for Tesco Company?

Q2: Which pull factors are identified in the literature for Tesco Company?

Q3: How do the pull and push factors motivate the Tesco Company?

Q4: What are the roles of push and pull factors in the internationalization strategy of Tesco?

Q5: What are the benefits obtained by the company after the successful implementation?

Q6: What are the challenges faced by the company after the implementation of these factors in Tesco?

Research aims and objectives

Aims

The aim of this work is to investigate the factors that are related to the pull and push factors of the business. The investigation of the push and pull factors adopted by the Tesco Company is performed. The reason behind the motivation to internationalize the trading activities of Tesco will be studied in this research and the process by which these factors positively and negatively impact on the business of Tesco will be examined properly in this research.

Objectives

• To analyze the push factors in the business process.
• To analyze the pull factors in the business process.
• To investigate the specific pull and push factors that are adopted by Tesco Company.
• To research on the motivational aspects of the combined pull and push factors for the Tesco Company to accommodate an internationalization strategy.
• To analyze the challenges faced by Tesco after the implementation of these factors.
• To analyze the benefits acquired by Tesco after the implementation of these factors.

Methodology

Figure 1: Research process

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Research strategy

The research strategy is analytical in nature as the research is based on the examination of statistical data. Both the quantitative and qualitative data are included to perform the analytical strategy on the process of combined pull and push factors that motivate Tesco Company to welcome an internationalization strategy (Choand Wang, 2021). Thorough search on Google Scholar reveals that there is no work related on this topic before which will help to make this research topic unique in nature. All the studies about the Tesco and pull and push factors are done along with the statistical data of these factors. Therefore, the analytical strategy will certainly help the research for understanding the motivational factors of Teso for welcoming an internationalization strategy. Apart from that, the complete research process will be done by accumulating the data at first, then segregating the data on the basis of qualitative approach and quantitative approach and after that, the analysis will be done after studying each of the literature. With this strategy, it will be easy to handle the data as well as to analyze the data accumulated from the internet.

Research method

In this research, the mixed method of approach will be taken. As the research is based on the assessment, the qualitative data will help to analyze the descriptive part of the research whereas the quantitative data will help to analyze the statistical and numerical part of the research. For this reason, this is a mixed mode of approach. Apart from that, the data used in this research to answer the research questions are completely secondary data. This research work connects all the research questions through methodological process, analysis and discussion and by the interpretation and analysis of statistical data available on the internet. The qualitative approaches explain the roles of pull and push factors in international business and specific pull and push factors obtained by the Tesco Company (Dakhliet al. 2019). The quantitative approaches explain the statistical data by which the motivational aspects, success rate of those factors and the benefits or challenges for implementation of those factors.

Data collection

Figure 2: Types of data

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The intention of data gathering is to gather qualitative and quantitative information through various data sources. The data used for the execution of this research project is completely based on the secondary data. The secondary data are collected from the various journals, articles, books and reliable websites (Karet al. 2021). The process of data accumulation is important as these data are the basis of this research work. The most important factor during the collection of data is the purity and authenticity of the data. Purity refers to the data which are relevant to the topic and the authenticity of the data refers to those information which are original and accurate, where no manipulations have occurred. In order to obtain authentic data, the data should be collected from reputed journals such as Elseveir, Tailors and Francis, Journal of International Business Studies, Academy of Management Journal etc. In these journals, the data are authentic and non-manipulated which will assist to perform further research work. Along with that, when searching for the relevant journals on Google Scholar, the use of specific keywords will allow the users to find it easily. Such keywords are pull factors, push factors, motivation to a business by pull and push factors, Tesco international business strategy, role of pull and push factors, pull and push factors affecting the business operation of Tesco, benefits of welcoming internationalization strategy etc. The statistical data accumulated from various reputed journals will be then sorted from other qualitative data and will be kept separately for further analysis (Pattonet al. 2022). From all the qualitative data, the knowledge on the researched topic is gathered in order to fulfill the research work. Though primary data through various interviews or surveys will be good for this research work, it is difficult to accumulate the primary data within a limited period of time.[referred to Appendix 2: Number of articles on push-pull factors]

Data analysis

Data analysis is one of the effective steps for this research project for developing proper analytical activities in this research. It is a procedure for cleansing, modeling, inspecting and transforming the data with the aim of observing useful information and conclusion. The process of analysis of data will enhance the understanding of this topic effectively. In this research work, the secondary analysis of data will be performed after the accumulation of different statistical data. The analysis of the secondary data will be helpful mostly for self-research purposes. This type of analysis will be cost-effective and will save a huge amount of time for the collection of data. Apart from that, accumulation of secondary statistical data from reputed sources will enhance the quality of data analysis and will provide a good amount of time for the analysis. For the analysis on the given topic, several statistical data are accumulated from multiple sources. Later, these data are sorted to obtain the accurate datasets from all the collected secondary data. These data are then analyzed statistically in order to answer the questionnaires. The theoretical framework is developed during the process of analysis which reflects the outcome or the understandings from the accumulated data during the data collection process (Sungand Goebel, 2018). The analysis portion will be done through the analytical software available on the internet or in the computer. This analysis will assist to clear the understandings on the pull and push factors that motivate Tesco for adopting internationalization strategy.

Research timeline

The research timeline has been given to analysis each chronological order for this project proposal. Therefore, it will help to give a clear instruction about each project step.

Research limitation

Research limitations or research gaps can be encountered during the research period. As the data will be collected from multiple secondary sources, the problems are restricted (Woohyounget al. 2020). During the research work technical problems can occur such as loss of network connection, website crashing, restricted websites or payable research journals. Apart from that, though the data required to execute this research work need to be pure and authentic, most of the time these will not be like that. This will depend on the topic selected for this research purpose and the published works on this topic. For this research topic, the number of available information is moderate but the number of latest research on this topic is less which will restrict access to the data within a limited number. Due to this reason, while gathering the data from Google Scholar, several wrong datasets will also be collected from the internet. Apart from that, there are various fake data sources available in the various websites which can affect the research work if taken. Only a limited number of research works are published in the reputed journal which create a chance of accumulating manipulated data (Zhangand Hardaker, 2021). Another important limitation of using secondary data sources is the amount of available data. Most of the data are irrelevant to the topic focusing on other aspects which are not the aim of this research work. For this reason, working with a limited number of data will affect the quality of the paper. The limited information is not sufficient to answer all the questions raised before the commencement of the research work.

Conclusion: Project timeline

The work should be performed on the basis of the mentioned timeline. Different activities will require different amounts of time which will be provided for the completion of the research work. In order to complete all the objectives of this research project, the relevant data needs to be collected from reliable sources. The use of a wide range of datasets for the completion of this research work will enhance the quality of the research work. The whole research work will be based on the mixed mode of approach that is qualitative and quantitative. The collection of these data for the adopted pull and push factors by Tesco will assist in the continuation of the research work. A complete analysis of the statistical data along with qualitative analysis will help to understand the influence of the pull and push factors to adopt internationalization strategy by Tesco. This information will be helpful for the further studies on the implementation of these factors to other businesses.

Reference lists

Journals

Chen, J.J., 2022. Tesco Plc. In International Cases of Corporate Governance (pp. 27-44). Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore.

Cho, M. and Wang, S., 2021, July. The Gap Between Theory and Reality in Retail Internationalization Research in China: An Analytical Perspective and Future Research Directions. In International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 189-196). Springer, Cham.

Dakhli, M., Ketata, I., Lifang, W. and White, M.S., 2019. Tesco in China: How Could Things Go So Wrong?. In SAGE Business Cases. NeilsonJournals Publishing.

Gersch, I. and Franz, M., 2019. Foreign divestment in the retail sector–the host market’s perspective. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 110(2), pp.85-101.

James, A. and Cooper, B., The Impact of Relationship Marketing On Customer Loyalty At Tesco Plc, UK.

Kar, S.K., Bansal, R. and Mishra, S., 2021. Tesco: Entry and Expansion Strategy in India. Emerging Economies Cases Journal, 3(2), pp.65-76.

Patton, D., Best, D. and Brown, L., 2022. Overcoming the pains of recovery: the management of negative recovery capital during addiction recovery pathways. Addiction Research & Theory, pp.1-11.

Son, J., Baek, J., Park, H. and Kim, C., 2018. The localized merchandising for international retailers: a study of Tesco’s failure in Japan. Ritsumeikan Business Review, 56(5), pp.1-20.

Štulec, I., Dami?, M. and ?uruvija, M., CONTINGENCY OF BUSINESS MODEL AND RETAIL INTERNATIONALIZATION: THE EVIDENCE FROM CROATIAN DRUGSTORE MARKET. TRADE PERSPECTIVES 2019 Business model innovations in domestic and international trade, p.59.

Sung, E. and Goebel, T., 2018. International expansion of retailers: the role of technical expertise, alliances and allocation of resources in economic crises. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 13(1), pp.51-82.

Woohyoung, K., Kim, H. and Hwang, J., 2020. Transnational corporation’s failure in China: Focus on Tesco. Sustainability, 12(17), p.7170.

Zhang, L. and Hardaker, S., 2021. Divestment of European grocery retailers from China. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, 103(2), pp.152-167.