Project Management Towards Net Zero Carbon Emission Project Assignment Sample

Introduction of Project Management: ‘Towards Net Zero’ Carbon Emission Project Assignment

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The whole physical and biological system around the man is considered as their environment. An environment consists of air, soil, water as well as light, temperature. Man and animal are strongly interconnected with the environment. As per the current scenario, due to several activities of people, the environment is getting polluted day by day, in which excessive use of petrol and diesel vehicles the rate of pollution is effectively increasing day by day. Excess emission of CO2 from vehicles not only affects the environment but also affects humans. In this regard, people are suffering from lung diseases which also lead to their death. This assignment is based on the zero-carbon emission project. Mainly focused on developing zero carbon emission heavy-duty vehicles, because these are the major reasons for maximum pollution. In this project, there are several discussions on the project development which includes project objectives, statements, future perspective with proper time guidelines.

2. Project statement

This project will be based on the plan to develop zero-emission vehicle development. This project needs proper as well as strict observation in order to ensure that the project met the time plan as well as surrounding objectives. In order to conduct the whole project, project managers have to recruit more efficiently as well as talented people to effectively manage the whole project.

3. Project objective

The project aims to develop a zero-emission transport system. The objectives of the project are:

“To achieve zero carbon emission transport system”

“To save the environment by decreasing the rate of carbon”

"To provide a budget-friendly travel system"

4. Project scope description

 Strategies for zero carbon emission

(Source: Ainalis, 2020)

The project contains vast dimensional work, the aim of the project is not only to provide zero carbon emission vehicles but also they are thinking about the roadside rechargeable system to recharge the running vehicle. Moreover, this project is also focused on repair as well as providing support to electric vehicles. Apart from that, the project required a large amount of money and efficient human resources in order to ensure its success. The project is mainly working on electricity supply and storing sectors (Ainalis, 2020). After completing the project one can taste an enjoyable ride without emitting a single carbon. After completing the project people can enjoy lower transportation at a very low cost which will be the most acceptable approach of this project (Greenprojectmanagement.org, 2022). Moreover, electric vehicles are 80% cheaper as compared with petrol and diesel vehicles maintenance costs which can be considered as the most acceptable approach for the public to enlarge the scope of this project.

5. Project requirements

This project required a vast field of materials such as wire, EV batteries and other accessories, DC power battery, high voltage chargers, electronic chips, charging system, power control unit, low voltage DC to DC converter. In order to assemble those parts, they required a marketing assembler as well as a marketing team, to market their products according to the public needs. Moreover, projects' products should be reliable as well as good enough as a quality. It will help to increase customer engagement (Komninos, 2022). In addition, the project needs efficiency as well as decorated leaders to manage the whole project operation as well as to ensure project development they also need stakeholders to get continuous money flow. Human resources, stakeholders and effective leaders with a marketing team. Moreover, the requirement of the project should be analysed properly and need to meet the requirement on time in order to run the project uninterrupted. It is also required to follow the approaches of stakeholders as they are funding this project.

6. Project deliverables

Project deliverables include the objectives that are present in this project. Mainly, road systems are also used for the necessity of overhead cars that are present in the major roads. Electric trucks or vehicles require absolutely no gas. They are way more convenient to use for future purposes. An appropriate form of transportation takes place due to this. This helps in maintaining the criteria of acceptance in an electrical environment. The electricity operators of the grid are present with different oil companies (Davis et. al. 2018). Apart from that, All these are the external staplers that have invested in the electric vehicle. The electric road systems help in supplying electrical Power to different vehicles. The charging points are also properly visualised for carrying out different activities of the driver. Various recommendations regarding the charging points are also present. An important feature is These electric vehicles will also be saving precious time for parking in an area. While an individual is driving they can connect their vehicle with cable at a charging station. Then the individual can wait till the charging gets completed. Mainly, this prototype has a specific concept that can be followed for increasing the utilisation of these electric cars.

7. Project boundary

In order to analyse the project boundary, several boundaries can be found. It has been observed that the manufacturing of EV batteries is also responsible for huge environmental pollution, which is a great threat for all organisations as well as project owners who are working on electric vehicles (Komninos, 2022). Further explanation, electric vehicles need so much time to get fully charged, which slows down the journey time. Aftermarket analysis of e-vehicles, it is found that due to the charging time of e-vehicles, people are disappointed and also return to petrol or diesel vehicles.

Project boundary refers to the major limitations of this project. During the manufacture of electric vehicle batteries, air pollution is done heavily. Government regulations and acts are another project boundaries for this towards net-zero carbon emission project (Saget et al. 2020). During this implementation stage for this project, all steps have to be done within this boundary or limitations. All these major boundaries of this project are the main reason for the project constraints. In order to reach the project goals and aims, meeting all the challenges of this project and maintaining all the required acts and regulations are the major boundaries of this zero-carbon emission project.

8. Project Constraints

Constraints are the barriers that make abound in front of proceeding with the carbon emission project. In order to complete some projects, the project team has the responsibility to complete that project by considering all the major constraints of the carbon emission project. Main constraints of this carbon emission project are time, cost, and equipment or the resources of the carbon emission project. Based on some recent paper analysis, it has been found that most of the carbon in the air has been emitted by vehicles (Logan et al. 2020). These vehicles are the main reason for air pollution and global warming. Carbon and other molecules such as sulfur and nitrogen can produce diseases in the human body. These molecules can harm the human body in many areas. Such diseases which are caused by air pollution are asthma, respiratory diseases, and many other chronic diseases.

Besides these, this project has other constraints also which have been faced by the project managers and project leaders. During the implementation of such electric vehicles in the replacement of carbon-producing vehicles, several constraints have been faced. Applying or implementing all such replacements have to be done within a specific budget and within a specific time is a major constraint of this towards net zero, carbon emission project (Saget et al. 2020). A fixed budget has been set for all the replacements, and processing all the replacements with proper efficiency is also another constraint of this project. Maintaining and managing all such project constraints is the major goal or milestone of this project. While implementing some implementation steps, project leaders have faced so many problems and issues. In order to manage the issues, project objectives have to be followed. In order to mitigate these challenges of project constraints, many suitable implementations have been done by the project leaders and the project managers. These constraints are proceeding towards a project's milestone or goal for zero carbon emission in the environment.

9. Project Milestones

Project Milestone is the main goal or aim of the project, which they have to reach after completing the whole project. While mitigating the project constraints and overcoming the project issues, project milestones have to be reached by this project. Project milestones also contain the decided cost or decided date for completing some stage of the project or completion of the project (Davis et al. 2018). The main aim of this carbon emission project is to emit all the carbon producers which are used by humans in their daily lives. In order to remove all such carbon producers in daily lives, such automobile vehicles will be removed for this project. Many useful considerations will be taken for replacing such vehicles which are producing carbon dioxide in the air. High emissions of carbon dioxide can increase global warming. Due to this afforestation is the perfect solution for maintaining the balance of carbon in the air.

Some specific replacement will be the best solution for the carbon producing vehicles. Such replacements are the LGV van, battery pack for the van, HGV truck, and wireless chargers for the vans. All these equipment and components will be required for replacing the carbon producing vehicles. Besides these, meeting the project objectives of the project is the main milestone of this project. Project leaders have the responsibility to take the necessary steps against those project constraints (Walker, 2020). In order to meet the project statement, for developing zero-emission carbon vehicle development, several decisions will be taken for completing this whole project with mitigating the project constraints and the project boundaries. Based on the limitations and the boundaries of the project, project leaders and project managers will implement some effective solutions to meet the project objectives. Besides all the milestones, cost optimization and time optimization is also another milestone of this carbon emission project.

10. Project Assumptions

Project assumptions are the major assumptions that are taken by the project team in order to complete the whole project. While mitigating the constraints and the issues of the carbon emission project, several assumptions have been made. Assumptions are related to the overall considerations based on the project scopes, project requirements, project deliverables, project boundaries, project constraints, and project milestones for carbon emission projects. In order to mitigate and manage all the project constraints and meet the project goals, several assumptions have been made by the project leaders or managers (Walker, 2020). In order to replace a carbon-producing truck, large electric goods vehicles can be implemented. Electric large goods vehicles or heavy vehicles are battery operated and electric based trucks, which are able to produce zero carbon dioxide in the air. After the implementation of such electric vehicles for zero carbon emission, maintenance and adaptation of those vehicles is also a major assumption for this project.

 Decarbonization

(Source: Komninos, 2022)

Decarbonization is the main process for completing this whole zero carbon emission project. Decarbonization involves three major steps. Such steps are reducing the demands for carbon-based products and services, improving energy efficiency, and applying decarbonization technologies in all sectors. In order to implement these steps for applying decarbonization, the most important assumption or step is to implement electric vehicles in the third step of this whole process. In order to maintain and manage such vehicles, smart battery systems, charging technologies, and transport management are other project assumptions for this project. During the maintenance and implementation of the major equipment for this project, several assumptions have been made to complete this whole project.

 Carbon Footprint of electric vehicle

(Source: Walker, 2020)

During the implementation stage of this project, three major carbon footprints of electric vehicles have been considered. At first, embedded emissions is done, where production and transport of electric vehicles have been placed for sale. Then in the second stage, operational emissions have been done, where the driving of the electric vehicles has been tested. In this stage, some specific scope of operational emission has been done, where electricity sources are taken as charging points, and power grid systems are also used. In the third footprint of carbon, life emission has been ended, such as disposing of batteries and electric vehicles (Logan et al. 2020). In order to maintain such vehicles, several methods have been followed by the project leaders and the managers. While chagrin the electric vehicles AC charger, DC chargers, and tickle charging systems have been used. During the chagrin process, some precaution has been taken. Implementation of low DC voltage charging systems to high DC voltage charging systems is done by the leaders in the charging stations. During these implementations, several government acts and regulations have been followed by the project managers and project leaders. Implementation of EV batteries with suitable accessories is a major step for launching electric vehicles. Besides these, they have to provide training and driving rules for driving electric vehicles. After these steps of this project, critical success factors have been discussed where major considerations are critically evaluated for doing this project.

11 Critical Success factors

The critical success factors include different elements that are related to the deliveries, the objectives quality levels are also maintained in this. This assignment is aimed to highlight the new approaches regarding are present. This helps in appropriate transportation of the heavy as well as the light goods. Three different options have been used for the decarbonization of vehicles9Logan, 2021). The three options are hydrogen, electrical road systems, and lastly battery-equipped vehicles. This criterion of hydrogen helps in maintaining the proper availability of green hydrogen. The road systems are also used for the necessity of overhead cars that are present in the major roads. Electric trucks or vehicles require no gas. They are way more convenient to use for future purposes.

 Appropriate savings are also measured due to the availability of electric vehicles. No emissions are produced that can cause serious problems to the environment (Walker, 2020). Electric vehicles are even low maintenance. Electric road systems as in the EV also consist of two major components. The electric motor is present with a battery that helps in packing power. Various government policies have been implemented in the production of electric vehicles. A deliverable is present in the project plan for maintaining the charging system. The different vehicles that are used for commercial purposes are customized by the customers. This helps in electrifying the goods that are present in fleets of vehicles. These are the acceptance criteria of electric vehicles for this specific project.

Different driving conditions are present that help enhance the comfort level of the driver. Various impacts are also present for the auxiliaries in total. The battery and the motor parts are the most critical parts in a vehicle. The electrical vehicle as in the EV helps in maintaining all the components that are expensive for the use of those vehicles in the future. There are various limiting factors that are present in this project towards net zero carbon emission. The limitations in the batteries are present with different availability in the chargers for the users. The capacity of the grid is also gets maintained due to this (Saget et al. 2020). Most importantly, electric road systems help in supplying electrical Power to different vehicles. The common implementations include different uses of power lines. Ground-level lines of power are also included. These are the critical factors that are present in the project of carbon zero-emission for electric vehicles.

12 Project Closure

The critical factors that are present in the criteria of electric vehicles have been used for project completion. The internal stakeholders are employees, human resource management, other management employees are also included in the internal stakeholders. The external stakeholders include the national government, local government is also present. The manufacturers of cars are also external stakeholders (Ainalis, 2020). Different electricity operators of the grid are present with different oil companies. All these are the external staplers that have invested in electric vehicles. The electric road systems help in supplying electrical Power to different vehicles. The common implementations include different uses of power lines. Ground-level lines of power are also included. These overhead power lines are specifically limited to the vehicles that are used for commercial purposes. Different business models are also implemented for understanding the inside out of this area. These electric vehicles will also be saving precious time for parking in an area. While an individual is driving they can connect their vehicle with cable at a charging station (Komninos, 2022). Then the individual can wait till the charging gets completed. This prototype has a specific concept that can be followed for increasing utilization. The technology that is suitable for the decarbonization of these vehicles that carry light goods is towards net zero. This is a carbon emissions project for the electrical road systems.

13. Project Organisation Breakdown Structure

Organisation Breakdown structure

(Source: self-developed)

The project organisation breakdown structure will denote several attributes that are linked with the project. It includes different stakeholders, suppliers, project management teams, workers and testing teams. The electric road system is present with the stakeholders, project management team, core project, and team of testing with the suppliers. Local government, electricity grid operators are the stakeholders. The PR team looks after the plan development and managing the activities (Seto, 2021). After that, the design and the programming teams came into the act. Lastly, the different suppliers are present.

The main contributors in the project besides the stakeholders are the project management team. They are responsible for developing the project plan, managing communication activities and documentary activities. Developing the project plan is the most crucial part while developing the project. It will minutely describe the details of the project (Apm.org.uk, 2022). Communication activities are necessary so that every team gets in touch with the activities of other teams. The core project and the testing team also play an important part in implementing the project into reality. Within this team, the designing team plays a vital role. The project proceeds according to the plan provided by the design team. The programming team takes over and monitors the process of construction and developing the project into reality. The Developing of a testing project can be defined as developing a testing model to test the efficacy of the project. It will also help inefficient risk management procedures. Estimation of the risk and developing the management procedures will help in the better development of the project (Logan, 2022). Suppliers are an important part of the project. They are responsible for supplying essential raw materials needed to develop the project in reality. The major suppliers of the project include car manufacturers, battery manufacturers and electricity providers. Since the project revolved around the electric road system, these components are the main requirements of the project.

14. Project Responsibility Matrix

Table 2.12.1: Project Responsibility Matrix

(Source: Self-developed)

Project responsibility Matrix is also defined as a RACI chart that depicts the responsibility of the person involved in the project. Four rules are followed while making the Project responsibility Matrix. The four rules are responsible (R), Accountable (A), consulted (C) and informed (I). The person completing the task will be responsible for the task. Team members responsible for coordinating the action, delegating and making decisions will be accountable for the project. The person who will be updated after the completion of the project will be informed about the whole progress. Considering the fact of this project three main tasks have been taken and the people responsible for various duties are mentioned in the table above. In Project planning technical architect application developers are the responsible and consulted person. Business analysts and project managers will be consulted, responsible and accountable. While developing the project, these people will be responsible (Komninos, 2022). While business analysts and project managers are consulted and informed. In the task of tracking project progress, the project manager and business analyst are responsible and informed respectively. Technical architects and application developers will be both responsible and accountable for the task. In this way, each person is given their respective responsibility and are categorised as follows.

15. Risk Management Plan

Table 2.13.1: Risk Register

(Source: self-developed)

Several risks are there that are included in the implementation of the electric road system. The problems can arise in different aspects. These aspects include contact rails problems, insulation problems, Failure of power supply, bad weather conditions, obstruction on road, problems with rails, and many others. Here their risk has been levelled following their impact level which is high, medium and low. The risk with higher impact but the low probability is the fall of overhead cables. Pass by can be affected greatly with such an accident. Therefore after the installation sensor should also be there that will detect such falls and cut off the electricity supply. The risk that has a medium impact level and medium probability level is less friction on the rails on the ground. In case of any weather change, rails get wet in any circumstances the friction of the rails will be reduced. This is because it is made up of steel (Seto, 2021). Therefore an alternative strategy is that the rails can be made with a specific groove system on them such that it maintains the friction with rubber tires on the road. The Risk that has a low impact level but high probability level is that loss of electricity can happen at any time with or without any major reasons. It can hamper the charging facility of the vehicle. As an alternative strategy, a backup charging system within the vehicle or charging station can be implemented.

16. Cost Plan

A cost plan is important for efficient allocation of financial resources. Therefore, cost plan has been provided in the following.

Table 14.1: Cost plan

(Source: self-developed)

In this segment, cost measurement of the project has been provided. Elements of the cost such as the LGV van has been priced at 37000 pounds and is equipped with a 75 kWh battery pack. Other than that, the battery pack for the van for the 50kWh battery pack has cost the project 16300 pounds and the 75 kWh battery pack cost the project 25000 pounds (Walker, 2020). This implied that the price of battery integration in the vans is costly and required a better option for the electric means of transportation, albeit these are the purchasing options for the projects. Cost of the battery for HGV is 49000 pounds for 150kWh and 100000 for 3000 kWh. Therefore, the cost of HGV trucks is high. It should be noted here, these are choices and selection of these should be based on the requirement of the project. HGV trucks on the other hand will cost 35000 pounds for a unit (Bataille, 2020). The wireless charger will cost the project 6000 and 20000 pounds for 22 and 50 kW per charger. These should be chosen based on the cost-effectiveness of the chargers and their quality.

17. Project Communication Plan

In this project of achieving net-zero carbon emission projects, different internal and external stakeholders have been analysed. Some internal stakeholders are employees, scientists for R&D, HR managers, owners of the organisation and organisational managers. Some external stakeholders in this project are government, suppliers, rivals, shareholders and consumers. The interest and power grid can be adopted in this regard to demonstrate the communication plan in a better way.

 Stakeholder Analysis

(Source: Komninos, 2022)

In the low power and low-interest grid, employees are the main stakeholders. Therefore, a communication plan to establish a consolidated relationship along with extra perks and financial remuneration can help the projects by enhancing the interest of employees. They have low power because of their inability to impact or change the decision of the company on this project. On the other hand, the low power and high-interest grid rivals are the main stakeholders, as they could not change the decision or revenue prospects of the company (Komninos, 2022). They have high interest due to the exorbitant impact that this project can fall on existing companies. Therefore communication such as cartel the R&D research in the net-zero transportation system, revenue generation by fixing unit price of the electric buses and other means of electric or net-zero carbon-emitting transportation. In the high power and low-interest grid, stakeholders are suppliers, consumers, scientists, HR managers and organisational managers. These stakeholders have a high power impact on the projects as their jobs are essential in providing adequate means of electric transportation. They have low interest due to easily available employment opportunities. Therefore, a communication plan for them would be to encourage them for better performance and allow them flexibility of job schedule. This way, they will not leave the project midway. Other than that, they also needed to be communicated for promoting the projects among the consumers so that people can emphasise electric means of transportation for their daily transportation needs. In the high power and high-interest grid, shareholders are the government and shareholders (Bataille, 2020). They are influencing stakeholders and can change whole projects at their will. They have high power on the project due to legal rights of the government and financial rights of the shareholders' Separate communication plan for each stakeholder would be cumbersome for the project's management. Therefore, an integrated approach can be adopted by the project managers.

19. Conclusion

This project on net-zero carbon emission projects objectives such as betterment of transportation, environment and employment has been adopted. This study has found some scope in the sector of revenue generation and environmental protection. Further, it has scope in engendering employment opportunities in the transportation sector. Various requirements have been depicted in this study such as battery technology, its distribution system and charging facilities. Various deliverables have been provided in this study, including identification of stakeholders, project management team, suppliers and others. They are essential entities in this project's management to achieve a desirable outcome. This project has limited boundaries. For example, hitherto EV battery technology does not assimilate the modern requirement of the means of transportation. Hitherto developed battery technologies are unable to transport large weight of the passengers and therefore depend on the thermal or other means of electricity to power the electric transportation and the carbon emission takes place in another location. Therefore, total emissions in the environment will be the same unless a carbon-free source of electricity is applied in the electric transportation system. Critical success factors have been evaluated with the risk measurement. Project closure along with a breakdown structure has been provided for better demarcation of the project.

References

Books

Saget, C., Vogt-Schilb, A. and Luu, T., 2020. Jobs in a net-zero emissions future in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington DC and Geneva: Inter-American Development Bank and International Labour Organization.

Journals

Analysis, D.T., Thorne, C. and Cebon, D., 2020. Decarbonising the UK's Long-Haul Road Freight at Minimum Economic Cost.

Bataille, C., 2020. Policy lessons from the Deep Decarbonization Pathways in Latin America and the Caribbean Project (DDPLAC), IDDRI.

Brethauer, S. and Studer, M.H.P., 2021. Towards Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Energy and Chemical Sectors in Switzerland and Beyond–A Review. CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry, 75(9), pp.788-799.

Castle, J.L. and Hendry, D.F., 2021. Can the UK achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050?.

Davis, S.J., Lewis, N.S., Shaner, M., Aggarwal, S., Arent, D., Azevedo, I.L., Benson, S.M., Bradley, T., Brouwer, J., Chiang, Y.M. and Clack, C.T., 2018. Net-zero emissions energy systems. Science, 360(6396), p.eaas9793.

Davis, S.J., Lewis, N.S., Shaner, M., Aggarwal, S., Arent, D., Azevedo, I.L., Benson, S.M., Bradley, T., Brouwer, J., Chiang, Y.M. and Clack, C.T., 2018. Net-zero emissions energy systems. Science, 360(6396), p.eaas9793.

Gaeta, M., Nsangwe Businge, C. and Gelmini, A., 2021. Achieving Net Zero Emissions in Italy by 2050: Challenges and Opportunities. Energies, 15(1), p.46.

Göhlich, D., Nagel, K., Syré, A.M., Grahle, A., Martins-Turner, K., Ewert, R., Miranda Jahn, R. and Jefferies, D., 2021. Integrated approach for the assessment of strategies for the decarbonization of urban traffic. Sustainability, 13(2), p.839.

Komninos, N., 2022. Net Zero Energy Districts: Connected Intelligence for Carbon-Neutral Cities. Land, 11(2), p.210.

Komninos, N., 2022. Net Zero Energy Districts: Connected Intelligence for Carbon-Neutral Cities. Land 2022, 11, 210.

Logan, K.G., Nelson, J.D. and Hastings, A., 2022. Low emission vehicle integration: Will National Grid electricity generation mix meet UK net-zero?. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 236(1), pp.159-175.

Logan, K.G., Nelson, J.D., Brand, C. and Hastings, A., 2021. Phasing in electric vehicles: Does policy focusing on operating emission achieve net-zero emissions reduction objectives?. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 152, pp.100-114.

Roy, J., 2021. A seismograph for measuring the transformation to net zero greenhouse gas emissions–discussion paper.

Saget, C., Vogt-Schilb, A. and Luu, T., 2020. Jobs in a net-zero emissions future in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington DC and Geneva: Inter-American Development Bank and International Labour Organization.

Salas, R.N., Maibach, E., Pencheon, D., Watts, N. and Frumkin, H., 2020. A pathway to net zero emissions for healthcare. Bmj, 371.

Seto, K.C., Churkina, G., Hsu, A., Keller, M., Newman, P.W., Qin, B. and Ramaswami, A., 2021. From Low-to Net-Zero Carbon Cities: The Next Global Agenda. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 46, pp.377-415.

Strbac, G., Woolf, M., Pudjianto, D., Zhang, X., Walker, S. and Vahidinasab, V., 2020. The role of active buildings in the transition to a net zero energy system. Active Building Centre Research Programme.

Walker, A., 2020. Future Regulatory, Market and Technology Trends in the Global Passenger Car and Commercial Vehicle Sectors: Key challenges to achieving net zero emissions for road vehicles. Johnson Matthey Technology Review, 64(3), pp.320-337.

Website

Greenprojectmanagement.org, 2022. Available at https://www.greenprojectmanagement.org/28-blog/328-project-management-and-carbon-footprint-reduction[Accessed on 25th march]

Apm.org.uk, 2022. Available at https://www.apm.org.uk/blog/net-zero-how-we-can-go-from-ambition-to-action/[Accessed on 25th march]