Project Management and Risk Management Assignment Sample

Project Management and Risk Management Assignment

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Task 1

The rationale of the Project

According to the given scenario, it has been analyzed that this project will help the patients of Cornwell society who are suffering from pressure ulcers. While doing this project, the risk mitigation strategies will be identified that will help the project manager to determine the impacts of pressure ulcers. It has been analyzed that the patients with pressure ulcers will be recruited every year to get insights into the effects and problems of pressure ulcers. This project is important to be completed so that the population in the UK will get to know about the risk of this pressure ulcer (Burgos et al, 2020). It has been analyzed that with the help of doing this project, the employees as a patient can identify the risk and size of ulcer formation and the level of patients engaged in the ulcer prevention behavior. While examining the scenario it has been identified that pressure area care is an important part of nursing practices because most of the pressure can be avoidable & nurses must ensure the appropriate measures to reduce the risk factors and harm which has prevented the pressure ulcer development.

Project Scope

The goal of this project is to identify the changes in the incidence of pressure ulcers, nursing time, size of the ulcer formation, and so on while recruiting the employees across Cornwall. It has been identified that for this project, the project manager has identified the scope of this project of pressure ulcers which is limited because of the following reasons.

• It has been analyzed that this project is only based on the pressure ulcer in the UK
• This project plan is based on the research of patients with pressure ulcers who are from Cornwall.
• This project will focus on older people living in the community in Cornwall by Peninsula Community Health.
• This project will be examined by the patients with pressure ulcers who belong from the UK and can monitor the technology of pressure ulcers.

Project Lifecycle

The project lifecycle has four stages by which the project manager identifying the things related to the pressure ulcer will be analyzed. The four stages of this project lifecycle are as follows:

• Initiation: This is the first stage of the project lifecycle with which the project manager the problems and issues that need to be analyzed for completing the project. For this particular project, the project manager will analyze the impacts of pressure ulcer patients in the UK (Keshta 2019).
• Planning: After the project initiation, the project manager of this project planned the activities that need to be kept in mind while completing the project on time. Planning is an important element of the project which is required by the project manager. The budget, cost, resources, risks, and so on will be identified with the help of this stage.
• Execution: With the help of this project, the project manager will execute the plan into action. In this step, the project manager will create the task and organize it accordingly as per the targets and goals of the project.
• Closure: It has been identified that with the help of this step, the project manager will recheck the activities of the project. The project manager of pressure ulcers determines the project's success after the successful delivery (Mabelo and Sunjka, 2017).

Project Methodologies

It has been analyzed that with the help of project methodologies the project manager of identifying the impact of pressure ulcer will complete the project on time with the good solutions of all the activities. The methodologies will help them to organize the project on time, develop the skills of the team members, help them to minimize the risk, improve the cost-benefit relationship, and so on. Some of the project methodologies that will be best suited for this project is as follows:

• Agile methodology: While using the agile methodology, the project manager of pressure ulcers can easily manage the project by breaking it into several phases. It has been analyzed that with the help of agile methodology the project manager can constantly collaboration with stakeholders and can improve things at every stage (Beerbaum 2021). The agile methodology enables the project manager to reduce technical debt, deliver a high-quality product, and improve customer satisfaction.
• Waterfall methodology: It has been analyzed that a waterfall method is a traditional approach with which the project manager can complete the project while completing the phases in a linear and sequential method. According to this methodology, each stage of the project must be completed before starting the next phase of the project management lifecycle.

Different types of risks

Different types of risks can occur at the time of executing this project by Peninsula Community Health. It has been identified that the project manager can identify many risks that are associated with this project of identifying the problems with the pressure ulcer to be managed self by the patients. These are as follows:

• Contractual risks: The contract risk has been identified in this type of project because the patients are recruited from across Cornwall to complete this project on time. In this risk, the employees are not able to complete their roles and responsibilities as per the planning managed by the project manager.
• Technology risk: It has been analyzed that with the help of technology the pressure ulcer risk can be easily identified by the people of the Peninsula but there is a risk in that also. It may have happened that the technology will not work due to some technical issues which will lead to the failure of the project or cannot be completed on time.
• Communication risk: Communication is an important part of the project because it enables the project manager for completing the project on time (Shaqour 2021). Communication with the stakeholder is very important for this type of project because they are the reason behind the success of the project.
• Cost risk: During the planning of a project, it has been identified that there may be chances that there will be mismanagement of the project funds because of not utilizing the resources appropriately. It has been identified that this type of risk is important to remove on the priority because it impacts the overall quality of the project.
• Operational risk: This risk occurs when there is a loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, systems & people, and external events. To complete the project of identifying the problems with the pressure ulcer there may chance that there will be something wrong in the external and internal process of completing the project on time.

Risk management strategies

A risk management strategy is important to remove all the risks of the project so that the project manager can complete the project on time. It has been analyzed that at the time of the planning stage, the project manager has to be identified the risk mitigation strategies according to the identified risks so that the project manager can easily eliminate the risk and complete the project on time (Wang et al, 2021). It has been identified that five major risk mitigation strategies can help the project manager to reduce the risk from the project. These are as follows:

• Accepting the risk: It has been analyzed that when the project manager talks about the acceptance of risks then he is collaborating with the stakeholder and analyzing the risks while defining their consequences. This type of project affects the health condition of people who are often with a high level of frailty. So the project manager has to analyze the consequence of risk and accordingly find out the solution to mitigate these risks.
• Avoiding the risk: Avoiding the risk is another mitigation strategy with which the project manager of pressure ulcers can only avoid that risk which has not given much impact on the project. It has been identified that the project manager cannot avoid the risks related to the project management funds.
• Controlling the risk: It has been analyzed that the project manager of pressure ulcers can control all the risks while identifying the appropriate solutions to mitigate them. That risk can be controlled by the project manager which can easily be managed by them while not having so much impact on the project. Controlling the risk mitigation strategy is better than avoiding the risk in the project.
• Transferring the risk: The transference of risks can only be possible when two or more project managers are involved in the project. It has been analyzed that the risk mitigation strategy is very helpful for the project manager of pressure ulcers which can be managed by the other party on their risks.
• Monitoring the risk: This is the most important risk mitigation strategy which can be easily managed by the project manager but the project manager needs to give some effort to this mitigation strategy (Hochrainer-Stigler et al, 2021). This is possible only when the project manager of pressure ulcers has been monitoring the risks during all the phases of the project lifecycle. Monitoring the risk is the strategy that can be managed on the spot at the time of chances of having risks in the project.

Gantt chart

Activities	Timeline
The rationale of the project	1 week
Scope of the project	1 week
Project lifecycle	1 week
Project methodologies	1 week
Project Risks	2 week
Risk management strategies	2 week

Task 2

The Mendelow matrix

This matrix is a tool that has been using by the project managers to maintain the project and to consider the attitude of their stakeholders at the starting of a project. It has been identified that there are many stakeholders involved in this project such as customers, employees, investors, government, project managers, suppliers, sponsors, peninsula community, and so on (Imam 2019). These are the key stakeholders that have been playing an important role in this project. It has been identified that with the help of this matrix the project manager will be able to identify the power and interest of the stakeholders in the project.

It can be seen from the above figure that the Menedelow Matrix has four quadrants with which the project manager of pressure ulcers can identify the power and interest of stakeholders according to the actions taken by the project manager. The below is the detailing of the four quadrants which are as follows:

• Minimal Effort: It has been identified that this is the quadrant of that stakeholder who has low power and low interest in completing the project on time. This situation occurs because of low power in the hand of stakeholders. The Sponsors for this project fall under this category.
• Keep Informed: This is the category in which some of the stakeholders have low power but high interests in the management of the project. It has been identified that the suppliers are those stakeholders who belong to this category because they have a high interest in this type of project.
• Keep Satisfied: The stakeholders with high power and low interests are fall in this category. This is an important quadrant with which the project manager dares to complete the project on time with these stakeholders. The customers, government, and investors are fall in this category (Przybylska and Dohn, 2019). They have the power to take advantage of completing this project on time but some of the things are might possible with which their interest decreased from this project.
• Key Players: This is the most effective and essential quadrant for the stakeholders who have high power with a high interest in completing this project on time. The project manager, peninsula community, and the other people are belonging to this quadrant because the project manager is the one who has the responsibility to complete this project on time while effectively utilization of resources within the minimum budget.

It has been identified that all the stakeholders of this project are trying to continue focusing on the older people who are living in the community in Cornwall because they are facing the problems of pressure ulcers.

Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders

The roles and responsibilities for delivering to the project on time are as follows:

Stakeholders	Roles	Responsibilities
Peninsula community	The role of the peninsula community is to focus on the older people who are belonging to the community in Cornwall.	It has been identified that the peninsula community is responsible for monitoring the people in the community who are suffering from a pressure ulcers. It has been identified that this community is focusing on the older people and recruited them for completing the project so that they can ask about the problems related to the pressure ulcer and provide solutions and risk assessments to them (Chipulu et al, 2019).
The project manager	The role of the project manager to complete this project is to identify and monitor all the activities which have been going on in this project throughout all the stages of the project lifecycle.	It has been identified that the project manager is responsible for supervising and monitoring the activities of all the workers who are involved in this project. Based on supervising the activities, the project manager always asks about their problem if they are facing for completing this project on time. The project manager plays an important role in completing this project on time while motivating and inspiring all the workers with improving their skills by guiding them according to the requirements of the project.
The team members	The team member's role is to complete the tasks and activities on time which has been given by the project manager of pressure ulcers.	The team members are responsible for motivating each other while understanding the perception of their colleagues. It has been identified that the team members are the workers themselves who are contributing their efforts for completing the project on time. It has been identified that the project manager has to give training to the workers as per the need of the project. They are also upgrading the skills that are essential for the project manager to complete this project on time.

It has been identified that there is a comparison between the similar nature of loyal authority and England. It has been analyzed that this type of project has different nature according to the size of the project. According to the research, it has been identified that more than half of the population in the UK will develop at least one pressure ulcer. It has been examined that this is due to the long sitting on chairs and also develops when patients are in their own homes. The project manager doesn't have to use pressure monitoring technology continuously (Nguyen and Mohamed, 2021). The innovative technology can be used by the project manager to identify the risk which allows the patient to adjust their position accordingly. The other project of a similar nature has different perceptions and aspects for completing the project on time. According to the Mendelow matrix, all the stakeholders have different power and interest as per their requirements with this project. The local authority of England has different aspects to see the population in the UK who are suffering pressure ulcers. For project management assignment help, they have identified different risks and suggested some risk mitigation strategies to complete this project on time.

Task 3

Legal and Non-Legal Solutions

The legal solutions that can be applied by the project manager in this pressure ulcer project are as follows:

• Financial risk: This is the legal solution when the project manager of pressure ulcer overruns and overspends with their cost. It has been identified that the project manager can identify the financial risk and allocating responsibility for the controlling of costs. It has been identified that all the risks that have been explained above can be eliminated by the project manager (Baranowska-Zaj?c 2019).
• Information security risk: It has been identified that the workers may gain unauthorized access to the competitive information system. It has been analyzed that with the help of this legal solution, the project manager of pressure ulcers will have the security on the personal information. The information security risk will help the project manager to mitigate the risk from the project.
• Regulatory change: It has been identified that the change in regulatory systems will help the project manager to remove the risks from the project. The workers in the project may see the risks that are occurring in the project. It has been analyzed that the project manager has to give the risk assessment which will help to eliminate the risks from the project.

The non-legal solutions are as follows which will help the project manager to mitigate the risk from the project (Setterfield 2020).

• It has been identified that the project manager has to identify the risk in the first place so that he can assume the things and consequences which will impact the project in-depth. Identification of the risk is much important because it will give an idea about the impact of risk on the project.
• At the second stage, the project manager must analyze the risk and their likely impact on the project which considers the low, medium, and high impact on the project. It has been analyzed that analyzing the risks and taking steps accordingly to mitigate them is important for the project manager to complete the project on time.
• Prioritizing the risk is also important for the project manager of pressure ulcers because it helps the project manager to minimize the risk which has a high impact on the project. It has been analyzed that this non-legal solution will enable the project manager to eliminate the risk from the project and help them to complete the project on time.
• It has been identified that the project manager will take the most challenging risks and work to get in front of them because they are troubling causes to the project (Pawnuk et al, 2020). This will help the project manager to mitigate the risk that has been identified by the project manager.
• After taking the step to mitigate the risk, it has been identified that the project manager will monitor the risk to mitigate them and find out if things are required again to eliminate the risk from the project. It has been identified that monitoring the risk is important after taking the non-legal solutions to the project manager.

Task 4

Tuckman team development theory

This theory was given by Bruce Tuckman in 1965 with the 5 stages of team development that include forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning (Kii 2018). It has been identified that with the help of this theory the project manager can tackle the team from the initial formation of the team to the completion of the project. It has been analyzed that for completing the project of pressure ulcers the project manager needs to have a good team who can manage things easily. The team development processes according to Tuckman are as follows:

• Forming: At this stage, all the team members are new like the first day in a corporate office. No one knows each other and has no idea about the attitude and perception of each other. During this phase, the team members discuss the things like goals, rules, and responsibilities.
• Storming: With the help of this phase, the team members reach the point where they are getting to know about the person's characteristics and their thinking pattern.
• Norming: At this stage, the team member starts noticing and appreciates their performance as a team member to achieve the targets in the project.
• Performing: During this stage, the team members can resolve the conflicts on their own by identifying the solutions to a given problem while understanding each other's perspectives (Hildebrandt and Marr, 2020).
• Adjourning: After accomplishing the goals, the team members exist for a set period. When the team mission is accomplished then the team itself dissolves.

It has been identified that with the help of this team development theory the project manager of pressure ulcers will be able to solve the problems between the team members and can achieve the targets on time of a project.

McClelland team development theory

This theory was developed in the 1960s. According to this theory of team development, it has been identified that every person has one of the most important three driving motivators which include the need for power, achievement, and affiliation (Ferinia and Hutagalung, 2017). It has been analyzed that these factors of motivation are developed through the culture and life experience of the people. This theory is particularly focusing on the individual needs of people and how they have to be approached by the project manager or an organization. The aspects of this theory include:

• Need forachievement: To accomplish the targets the team members need to achieve the targets that they want. In this case, it has been identified that they form a group for a particular task to achieve it on time in which the need is to identify the risk of the pressure ulcer patients so that the risks could be managed.
• Need for power: This is also important for the team members to achieve the targets. This aspect is focusing on the leader of a team who has the authority or power to guide the team members to achieve the targets on time (Acquah 2017).
• Need for affiliation: The need for affiliation is also important for team development which could be managed by having interpersonal and social relationships with others or a set of people.

The team development theories support the team deliver on the project's goal

It has been analyzed that Tuckman and McClelland's theory for team development is important because it helps the project manager to remove the conflicts between the team members while understanding the roles and responsibilities on an individual basis. Through the Tuckman team development theory, it supports the project manager to deliver the project's goal while satisfying all the team members of a project (Osemeke and Adegboyega, 2017). It has been analyzed that with the help of team development theory the team develops the ability and maturity of doing or completing the tasks on time and relationships established between the team members with whom they can easily achieve the goals of a project like pressure ulcer.

While having these types of team development theory, the project manager or the leader of a team of pressure ulcer projects can change their leadership style which suits this project most. With the help of McClelland's theory, the team members can easily identify the need for achievement, power, and affiliation with which they can support the project manager to deliver the project while having the expected results. It has also been analyzed that team development is important to manage the project and complete the project on time which enables the project manager to support the team to deliver the project on the project goals.

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