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Introduction Of Project Environment & Planning (Pep) Module Assignment
Project management refers to the temporary management environment which aims to use resources efficiently and manage waste as well. It needs coordinated activities with a definite starting and ending point. Project managers have the responsibility of team collaboration and making it successful. Planned objectives by the project manager and team members make the plan effective. In this assignment, smart prison project management will be discussed about recidivism reduction and reintegration of the maintenance of society and additionally, it focuses on a smooth operation management process. The UK government aims to make a smart prison which is environmentally and socially sustainable. Control and collaborative activities need to be taken with the stakeholders. The stakeholder has been identified with the advantages and disadvantages The project lifecycle has been defined with project resource requirements. It is important to measure the success criteria of a project which signifies the further requirement of the smart prison because it reduces cost or cuts the cost and uses efficient space, and cell devices secure with independent rehabilitation services. The quality management issue has been described as well because government and stakeholder committed to smart prisons which will stabilize the system and will give stability in society which decreases the crime rate.
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Sustainability factor which may impact smart prison program
PESTLE Analysis
| External factors |
Situation in UK |
Sustainability factor |
| Political |
? Political stability in the UK is 0.54 in 2021 (theglobaleconomy.com, 2021) ? One of the members of “UN Security Council” ? Highly democratic country ? Voter participation rate in 2020 was 62% (heritage.org, 2021) |
The UK government has committed to make a smart prison. It will increase the political stability of the country and work as a prestige factor (Condry and Minson, 2021). The capacity of the person is 1680 prisoners which will decrease the crime rate and increase social safety. |
| Economic |
? Tax rate reached 64.7% ? Negative impact on the economy due o Covid-19 and Brexit ? Employment rate in 2022 is 75% (heritage.org, 2021) ? 2% GDP growth in FY 2022 |
Economic stability will increase as it will contribute to the employment rate. The government invested £4 billion for the smart prison project (heritage.org, 2021). It will keep the public safe and open job opportunities for the local community. The former offenders will receive the opportunity of participating in smart prison project management. |
| Social |
? Approx population in UK is 66 million ? Median age of the population is 40 years (wipo.int, 2021) ? Cultural diversity accepted in this country ? Crime rate increased by 1.18% in 2020 ? High education level and concern of environmental sustainability |
The UK skill gap will be mitigated as the offenders will train in this smart prison. The government has taken a novel house program for the weekly being of local people and the offenders as well. Thus, it will cut the crime rate and boost rehabilitation (W?grzyn and Wojewnik et al. 2022). |
| Technological |
? Technological change is high ? Ranked 3rd for investing in technological venture capital ? Investment for smart technology and advancement with AI ? Innovation index is 60% in 2021 ? Ranked 5th in technology according to GII survey |
Smart prisons will be developed with cutting-edge technology incorporated with green energy and recycled materials. The prisoners will be given training on the latest digital technology which will increase technology acceptance percentage. |
| Legal |
? “Employment Act 2008” allocate fair wage and services for the employees ? “Companies Act 2006” is give fair distribution to the society ? Corporate governance is guided by “Insolvency Act 1986” ? “Data Protection Act 2018” prevents public information breaching |
Smart prison project management will include the offenders and local people as well. Hence, society will have the opportunity of participating in government project management. It will leverage the legal standards of the country. The UK is a member of the UN Council. The initiative will make their position more stable in the global platform. |
| Environmental |
? Climate change has become an issue ? Environmental policies are upgraded by UK government ? Recycling standards are maintained for reducing environmental risk ? Public support has been received for using renewable energy |
The government has taken the initiative of using recycled materials and green energy. It will increase social awareness for sustainable product manufacturing and lead towards net zero emission control. Thus, sustainable development will enrich environmental sustainability and security as well. |
Table 1: PESTLE Analysis, sustainability factor and their impacts
(Source: Developed by the researcher)
As per table 1, sustainability is the major aim of the UK government. Local people are getting the chance to participate in smart prison project management. It will increase the employment rate of the country and enrich economic flexibility (Xie and Pan, 2021). Due to the emergence of Covid-19 and the political inference of Brexit, international trade relations have been disrupted. It creates severe unemployment issues which will be resolved with the project management application of smart prison (Gupta et al. 2019). The project is environmentally and technologically sustainable which is giving rise to its popularity.
Stakeholder analysis, benefits and disbenefits of the prison-making project management
| Stakeholder |
Benefits |
Disbenefits |
| UK government |
The smart prison will help to maintain the political stability of the country. It will provide a prestigious position. The economic issues will be solved and the local community will get a chance to participate in the economic flexibility. The crime rate will be reduced which will make a sustainable country (W?grzyn and Wojewnik et al. 2022). Sustainable legacies will be maintained by community development and improving the well-being of local people. |
The UK government may face issues due to resource management. The inflation rate in the UK is high in the current situation (8.9%). Smart prison projects may cause more increased inflation rate in the country due to inappropriate use of resources. |
| ICT sectors |
The prison will allow flourishing technology in society. The connectivity with IoT and Ai will be improved. It will fulfil the sustainable legacy of SGD 11 by contributing to sustainable community development. The skill gap will be addressed by ginseng training to the offenders and the responsibility will be taken by the ICT department |
Technology inclusion will lead to the emergence of monitor and control. It will increase the risk of hacking and public data breaching. |
| Local people |
Local employment rate will increase. They will receive the opportunity to participate in project management constraints. It will increase the GDP of the country and provide cozen security by reducing the crime rate. Sustainable legacy will be addressed by providing them with fair treatment, equal distribution and community development. |
The inappropriate resource management will indirectly impact the local people by increasing the inflation rate. |
| Property developers |
The property developers have the opportunity of creating a smart project, and they will apply their skills and abilities to make social life sustainable. A sustainable legacy will be given by managing diversity as a cross-functional agile team will be involved in this project which promotes diversity. |
Project failure risk may impact her future projects and assets as well. |
| Project planner |
The project planner will maintain the resources appropriately and direct the agile team. There is a chance of selecting one f the major projects and working with a diverse team with technological implementation (Rikalovic et al. 2021). For example, Glen Parva in Leicestershire was planned with sustainable products and resources by the project planner. It immersed the name and fame of the project team which gave them more chances to inflict ther talent. |
The risk of project failure may impact their professional and personal skills. |
| Project manager |
The use of smart technology and resource management will reduce the budget and give the opportunity to direct the project with sustainability. For example, a smart prison in Norway is successful and it reduced the crime rate in that region. |
The conflict between team members may impact the project's failure and create managerial issues. |
| Non-profit organisations and media |
They can be part of smart prison as it will help in environmental and social sustainability. It will give them a unique experience to work with the UK government and offenders as well. |
None |
Table 2: Stakeholder analysis (Source: Developed by the researcher) As per table 2, the benefits will be achieved by the stakeholders which will contribute to stakeholder satisfaction (Rai et al. 2018). They will show their interest in a further smart project which is required for increasing sustainability in the UK. The stakeholder mapping understands the UK Government's decision-making. UK government benefits and disadvantages also understand the stakeholders mapping. Stakeholders with ICT sectors help in technology in the society, and local people who have sustainable maintenance concerns and property developers with project planners and project manager hills in mapping with their values or power by identifying the scale. Government suppliers, customers, project managers, investors, and people have much more power than the organizations with non-profit and media who have helped to maintain sustainability in the society and environment but do not have such powers to make a decision to progress the project.
Project lifecycle model for planning and managing the building of the new prison programme
| Project lifecycle phases |
Managing the new prisons building programme |
| Project initiation |
The UK government has initiated the project management plan with £4 billion investment. The stakeholders will be communicated to share the purpose of the project. It is important to identify the project outcomes before starting the plan (Andrews and Forster, 2020). Budget and project constraints will be detected and the proposal will be compiled with the project charter. RACI charter will be made and it will be shared to every stakeholder in a uniform technological platform to inform the resources and further plan. It is required to maintain transparency with the stakeholders. |
| Planning |
The milestones will be developed under the project to guide the project planner, manager and other team members. It will make the project finish in the promised time and reflect ultimate decision-making capabilities. The change process will be established as per requirement. The regular meeting will help to notify the project outcomes. A risk register will be created with the stakeholders to reduce the risk of project failure. |
| Execution |
The project will be executed with actual workflow. Effective collaboration will be maintained with the stakeholders to make the plan successful. The previous example will be taken to reduce the risk of the current project. For example, the smart prison in New Yorkshire implemented solar panels and effective lighting systems with renewable energy. Technology will be applied to use project collaboration tools. The resources and further requirements will be updated to enrich the productivity of the project and team members. |
| Monitor and control |
It will run simultaneously with reject execution to mitigate the project challenges. The KPI of the project and team members will be set to signify the project's progress. Feedback will be given to the members as per their performance. The manager will take the responsibility of monitoring quantitative and qualitative measures to maintain the time and budget. |
| Project outcomes |
The outcomes of the project will be monitored by the stakeholders. It will signify a fruitful project closure which is a necessary aspect of successful project management. |
Table 2: Stakeholder analysis
(Source: Developed by the researcher)
As per table 2, the benefits will be achieved by the stakeholders which will contribute to stakeholder satisfaction (Rai et al. 2018). They will show their interest in a further smart project which is required for increasing sustainability in the UK.
The stakeholder mapping understands the UK Government's decision-making. UK government benefits and disadvantages also understand the stakeholders mapping. Stakeholders with ICT sectors help in technology in the society, and local people who have sustainable maintenance concerns and property developers with project planners and project manager hills in mapping with their values or power by identifying the scale. Government suppliers, customers, project managers, investors, and people have much more power than the organizations with non-profit and media who have helped to maintain sustainability in the society and environment but do not have such powers to make a decision to progress the project.
Project lifecycle model for planning and managing the building of the new prison programme
| Project lifecycle phases |
Managing the new prisons building programme |
| Project initiation |
The UK government has initiated the project management plan with £4 billion investment. The stakeholders will be communicated to share the purpose of the project. It is important to identify the project outcomes before starting the plan (Andrews and Forster, 2020). Budget and project constraints will be detected and the proposal will be compiled with the project charter. RACI charter will be made and it will be shared to every stakeholder in a uniform technological platform to inform the resources and further plan. It is required to maintain transparency with the stakeholders. |
| Planning |
The milestones will be developed under the project to guide the project planner, manager and other team members. It will make the project finish in the promised time and reflect ultimate decision-making capabilities. The change process will be established as per requirement. The regular meeting will help to notify the project outcomes. A risk register will be created with the stakeholders to reduce the risk of project failure. |
| Execution |
The project will be executed with actual workflow. Effective collaboration will be maintained with the stakeholders to make the plan successful. The previous example will be taken to reduce the risk of the current project. For example, the smart prison in New Yorkshire implemented solar panels and effective lighting systems with renewable energy. Technology will be applied to use project collaboration tools. The resources and further requirements will be updated to enrich the productivity of the project and team members. |
| Monitor and control |
It will run simultaneously with reject execution to mitigate the project challenges. The KPI of the project and team members will be set to signify the project's progress. Feedback will be given to the members as per their performance. The manager will take the responsibility of monitoring quantitative and qualitative measures to maintain the time and budget. |
| Project outcomes |
The outcomes of the project will be monitored by the stakeholders. It will signify a fruitful project closure which is a necessary aspect of successful project management. |
Table 3: Project lifecycle to monitor the program of smart prison
(Source: Developed by the researcher)
As per table 3, the project lifecycle is required to set the project purpose and deliver them in proper time. Appropriate decision-making and problem-solving skills are required for the project manager. An agile continuum of the project cycle will be maintained to achieve success (Dunmadeet al. 2018). In this continuum, the requirements will be elaborated frequently to the project team members. It will reduce the risk of project failure and make the plan effective. On the other hand, the value of the stakeholders will be given importance. The major stakeholders in this plan are the project manager and local community people (Coundon et al. 2019). The plan aims to increase technological development, social security, community development and environmental sustainability.
Change management is an inevitable part of project success. It will be incorporated at a real-time speed during project delivery (Hechanovaet al. 2018). The jail in New Yorkshire delivered 1400 modern places for the prisoners. It became successful because the project team members worked in a real-time platform and collaboration was maintained thoroughly.
Project Requirements of HM prison (or scope)
| Strength ? 6 innovative and modern prisons between 2020 ? Increase capacity of 1680 prisoners ? Infrastructure with cutting edge technology (crimerate.co.uk, 2022) ? Incorporation of green energy with greater sustainability plan ? Educating the prisoners for technological development |
Weakness ? Lack of communication with stakeholders ? Lack of budget and green machinery ? Lack of resource management plan with the project planner |
| Opportunity ? Reduced crime rate in the society ? Technological development and sustainability with green technology ? Fulfilling the SGD with net zero carbon emission (Dixon et al. 2021) ? Using recycled product and renewable energy ? Increased employment opportunity or local people and community development |
Threat ? Risk of project failure ? Risk of budget shortage and lack of timely delivery ? Increased inflation rate of 8.9% in UK ? Political and trade issues due to Brexit |
Table 4: SWOT analysis of programme requirements
(Source: Developed by the researcher)
As per table 4, three are several opportunities of the smart prison project management. It will reduce pollution and environmental risk by using green technology. It will also give employment opportunities to the prisoners. The prisoners will be trained in technological education which is required for opening work release. National Grid decarboniser will be used to eliminate the requirement for gas boilers. It indicates that the UK will drive their journey towards a net zero emission. On the other hand, the risk may be inflicted due to budget and poor resource plans. Stakeholder management and collaboration is required to mitigate the risk. Thus, these opportunities will increase the project scope by enhancing the tangible and intangible assets of the country.
The plan of the UK government regarding the smart prison is too ambitious because it will establish a technological era with a sustainability program. The unprecedented array of workshops provides a successful measure of smart prison (Li and Liu,2020). It will reduce social problems and cut crime as well. The environmental and social security will increase. The project management plan will boost the local economy of the UK and mitigate the skill gap (Newson and Whitehouse, 2020). It will reduce the energy demand and rebuild the lives of offenders. The smart prison plan is providing hundreds of job opportunities where the ex-prisoners can participate as well. It signifies the “open to all” opportunity for sustainable development. It has been estimated that 1000 works are required for making the project plan successful. It is a new opening is for the construction industry where technology and green machinery will be used to make the project successful.
The threat of the project should be reduced with proper planning and stakeholder communication. Technological implementation will increase connectivity among the members. It is required to share the prison progress regularly with the project team members.
Success criteria for new prison build programme
| Issues |
Success criteria |
| Lack of communication |
Collaboration, communication and feedback have been taken from all the project shareholders (Berghuis, 2018). It will help in project planning and decision-making by reducing the project risk. Different feedback and viewpoints will be accepted by the members to improve the project deliverables. Community feedback will be taken for further development of the project. |
| Lack of clear objectives |
The objectives have been clarified to the stakeholders including team members and the project planner. It will help to maintain transparency within the project and make them successful. |
| Lack of budget |
The resource management is being maintained by the financial manager. The financial audit should be performed at regular intervals to signify the cost structure. |
| Change management |
It may cause issues and stakeholder dissatisfaction which will impact the timely project delivery. Communication will help to initiate the change as per the requirement with effective monitoring and control. |
| Lack of skilled staff |
Suppliers, contractors and project managers are giving their best performance to make the project successful. They are giving training and development schemes to accept change and work to meet the project goals. |
| Lack of realistic schedule |
The requirements are declared at regular intervals to the stakeholders. A timetable is being maintained for the delivery of the project at a scheduled time. |
| Lack of good leadership |
Transformational Leadership has been maintained for giving importance to all the project members. Team members are guided with further requirements including the ex-prisoners who participated in this project. |
| Political stability |
Organisational structure and decision have been mentioned to involve people. People are giving importance to conflict management. |
| Unplanned closedown |
The plan should be closed with string and detailed information of the project. The deliverables will be checked thoroughly and the data will be kept up to date. |
Table 5: Success criteria for new prison build programme
(Source: Developed by the researcher)
It has been evaluated from the project plan that the issues may appear to the project and it will affect the project plan and deliverables. The success criteria are needed to be maintained for fruitful project outcomes. For example, the smart prison in Norway was successful for its excellent planning of project management. It is sustainable and encourages the prisoners to recreate their life so they can participate in yoga classes for their health and well-being. On the other hand, HMP will encourage the prisoners to participate in digital training courses. It will eliminate the skill gap of people and give them the opportunity to work after spending life as a prisoner. Hence, Norway and HMP both are giving importance to the rehabilitation process and making the prison with innovative plans.
Smart prisons in the UK will contribute to local employment and sustainability as well. The success criteria will guide them to fulfil their target with future development (Szifris et al. 2018). Hämeenlinna prison in Finland has importance to smart technological implementation. Virtual reality models and AI are used to improve the technological field of this smart prison. Here also the prisoners can participate in digital training classes for improving their skills. It cuts the crime rate and contributes to normality principles via prison management. The smart prison building prominence is taken in UAE but they are facing challenges due to resource and technological implementation.
Quality management issues that could affect the outcome of the building programme
Quality management issues can impact on project delivery and the project outcomes. Quality checking is the responsibility of project team members and the project managers as well (Subramaniam, 2021). The challenges have been listed below:
- Lack of communication: The stakeholder's communication is important with the project manager and planner. It will maintain transparency with the members and maintain clarity of the objectives for lack of communication care conflict which impacts on productivity and project quality. As per the view of Dubas and Pas?awski (2018), stakeholder communication is necessary to deliver the project on time and within budget.
- Lack of quality product: It is important to create projects with a quality product as it will be safe for the users. For example, the London Tower in Greenfield is an example of poor project management and quality. The fire caught on to the building due to an electrical fault and caused a major accident. It reflects that the project quality has been hampered due to new cladding in the building.
- Poor documentation: Previous project examples should be taken to maintain the project quality. The data regarding resources and change management should be reported for further quality. Otherwise, it will affect the quality of the project and the impact will be shown in the project outcomes.
- Lack of success criteria: Success criteria are an important factor for the project which guides the managers for further requirements. It will give clarity to the members and help to quantify the project deliverables.
- Budget issues: The project quality may become compromised due to the lack of budget management. Effective cost management is required to avoid complications of the project. The lack of contribution from the shareholders may increase the issues further. The project should be defined as per budget and time. The scheduling tool will guide the members in managing the expenses efficiently. Otherwise, cost overruns will impact quality management which will reduce the project scope.
- Lack of skills among team members: The team members should be effective to handle the issues. Incompetencies of the project team members are unable to identify the project requirements. It will impact project initiation and increase the risk of project failure.
- Ineffective risk management: Risk management is an important factor in managing the project's success. Collaboration and communication with the stakeholders will help to identify the risk and mitigate the risk effectively. For example, while building the new clad of London Tower risk management plan has not been created. It created fire issues and gave rise to severe accidents.
Project quality will be maintained in HM prison to make it effective and successful. The smart version will be an example of a successful project with the inclusion of advanced technology and green machinery. The aims of the project will be enriched with quality management through stakeholders' contributions. Quality management will improve the smart project and contribute to a sustainable future for the citizens.
Conclusion
It has been concluded from the above that prison management has become a major aspect in the UK for caring for the smart prison. The aim of the project is to reduce the crime rate and encourage environmental sustainability. Sustainable legacies are maintained with the planning. The involvement of the agile team will contribute to the project's success. The environmental analysis suggests that the sustainability factors will improve the situation of the country. It will increase political stability and economic flexibility as well. Community development will be possible by giving opportunities to the local people. On the other hand, prisoners will also get the chance of improving their knowledge, skills and insights. Thus, a project management plan can lead to the success of HMP. The success criteria should be marinated to checklist the project deliverables. The project lifecycle will guide the team members for further planning and submission.
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