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Introduction Of The Assessment Case Study ( Part 1 )
Politics can be termed as activities that consider decision-making movement in a group and the formation of potential relations among personnel through resource and status distribution of a country or area. These activities consider social movement most by considering political ideas of ethical ideals, doctrines, symbols and principles to provide information about social, cultural and political activities. This essay wants to include the impact of political ideas on political change and the way people can understand this relationship. This will also include worldwide financial crises and the socialist movement, ideas that boost the UK’s devolution, thinkers' and theorists' impact on politics, political actors and views of “post-truth”.
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Relationship between political ideas and changes
Political ideas are social thinking that engages in decision-making activities and agreements in society to provide equal benefits to the entire community. Various political ideas such as Fascism, Monarchism, Socialism, Separatism and Libertinism conducted political changes in the US. In addition, political ideas do not include corruption, fraud, injustice and discrimination while developing any agreements or political change in a country. Political change occurs due to economic crises, rights formation and a changing system such as monopoly to democracy in a country. Highlighted political ideas were generated and political changes occurred due to the “financial crisis of 2007-2008”. This financial crisis occurred due to a price drop in US house and an increasing number of non-repay loans from borrowers. The best example for understanding the concept of political ideas is the case of Welsh devolution. The political idea underpins the changes related to the UK government relating to the case of Welsh devolution. The government faced strong rejection from the people that were against the idea of devolution. 50.3% voted yes for Welsh devolution whereas 49.7% voted no for Welsh devolution (Geoff Andrews, 2018, p. 6, Chapter- 2.4 Who speaks for Wales?). The case of Welsh devolution is related to the separate legal system and education for Scotland. The parliament of Scotland has come up with “the Scotland Act 1998” that includes policies for “agriculture, economic development, education, environment, planning, health, housing, justice, local government and transport”. Scotland with the help of political ideas has also gained the power over “borrowing, drink-driving alcohol limits, air weapons, stamp duty and a new Scottish rate of income tax”. The power that the UK provides to the people and businesses in their country is as follows. The government explains the new power will help people in taking responsibility for charges that affect the decision. The people of the country will be able to create economic growth. It will help the people in understanding how public money will be spent by the government in the country.
Banker’s activists and political elite’s examination obeyed “the 2008 crash” and the causes and results were highlighted in political argument. In addition, the World economy faced a major crisis due to the global crash and the Wall Street crash of 1929 made a depression in the following decade. The economic crisis of 1930 occurred due to the rise of Nazism and Fascism those was directed by Adolf Hitler, Francisco Franco and Benito Mussolini. Therefore, increasing in left and right parties and disapproval of political class and financial elites delivered a connection between the two economic crises of the 1930s and 2007-2008. These two have high similarities and therefore, people prefer to justify the both as it. The crash of 2008 includes “sub-prime mortgages”, the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, Austerity and the economic structure formulation of IMF.
According to the interview with Alan Shipman, uncertainty occurred in Europe due to the 2007-2008’s global crash. The populist movement was also identified through famous leaders that involve people directly and this delivered importance to ideas generation on the internet and social media. Austerity occurred due to an increase in unemployment and job loss rate and a decrease in public services in Europe. The protest due to unemployment led to the formation of the political party “Podemos” which protested against the loss of jobs and low pay (Geoff Andrews, 2018, p. 9, Chapter-1.2.1 Populism beyond left and right). Podemos later became the third-largest political party in Spain due to its help provided to the people of the country. The “European Sovereign Debt Crisis of 2010”, was the result of direct action from the people of the country that were suffering from unemployment and lack of job opportunities. The “anti-austerity demonstration” that was against the government not only involved young people but also included a large number of older people group that were impacted negatively by the economical crisis. The demonstration was also active on social media in the name of “Real Democracy Now”, to reflect the belief of the activist. It has been observed that there were similarities between the social movement and Indignados. The similarities between both parties were known as populist. The impact of both parties in Spain in the long term questioned the presence of the existing political parties in the country.
Similarities occurred in different parts of Europe among social movements and Indignados and these categories were named “populist”. This also included anti-immigration groups in Europe and Donald Trump's election in 2016. UKIP provided support for the exit of Britain's membership from the EU. The political ideas, style, campaigning ideas, strategies and leadership style of UKIP deliver similarities with populism. Therefore, this all shows that political ideas have a great significance to transform in the political system and this can provide benefits to the public of the country.
Conventional political lecture support people by positioning arguments, fixing opponents’ criticism, positioning their positions and covering achievements in government. This conveys a transformation in political ideas, movements and parties and offers a technological change in those parameters. In addition, political ideas help people to understand power, rights, constitutions, laws, authority and rules in a country and this can help one to sustain in the society through a meaningful daily life.
Conclusion
This part of this essay delivers different scenarios of political ideas that arise during various crises. This also mentions links between political ideas and systematic changes during that crisis period. Various thinkers and theorists deliver significant information and some of those are included in this essay to show the process of idea generation to the process of political changes in a country. In addition, this study also shows the impact of circumstances on rising political ideas and covers political changes in a count.
Introduction Of The Hannah Ardent and Alison Rutherford Poltical activities ( Part 2 )
This essay will show the activities of Hannah Ardent and Alison Rutherford in terms of political thinkers and will deliver information about their activities to judge them as political thinkers in their time. In addition, this part of the essay will include thinkers and politics and the co-relation between those. This will also include different types of political thinkers, the role of political thinkers and the process of developing political ideas. This part of this essay aims to figure out the key relations that can transform thinkers into political thinkers and will mention some political activities.
Hannah Arendt and Alison Rutherford as political thinkers
Starting from political activities in this part of the essay is to develop a high linkup between thinkers and politics. Political philosophy can make a thinker political in life according to based on the time, situation and place. In addition, four parameters of philosophical thinking such as wonder, intellectual independence, contemplation and reason can make a person a political thinker. Plato, Machiavelli and Aristotle was famous political thinkers in the ancient period. Political thinker gathers knowledge about power, justice, rules, systems, laws and rights and focuses on the present activities in a country to develop needed ideas. Those ideas can change people’s lifestyles and can deliver development in the social and financial part of the entire community in a country.
Hannah Arendt was from Germany and she completed academics under Martin Heidegger in the 20th century. Martin Heidegger was a famous and motivational German philosopher at that time and the practice of this great philosopher created an impact on Hannah's thinking. In addition, Hannah got imprisonment in Nazi, Germany and later on, she was famous as a political philosopher, holocaust survivor and author. Hannah ardent delivered a great note about Jewish affairs and the study of totalitarianism. In addition, she also provided ideas of forgiveness, mentioned constantly removing criminals from society, and mentioned the transformation process in this releasing activity. This also clearly shows that Hannah Ardent was a political thinker at that time in the European country. Alison Rutherford involves in Scottish enlightenment through delivering different social activities in the Scotland and UK.
The involvement in society and politics was also covered during this enlightenment period in the country. It has been observed that some of the Scottish enlightenment has many similarities with the French enlightenment (Andrews. G and Czajka. A, 2018, p. 6, Chapter- 3.2 The Scottish Enlightenment). The Scottish enlightenment covers practical benefits of the society that provides people with benefits, virtue and development. The different elements of society and politics are involved in the enlightenment period. Many philosophers such as “David Hume, Adam Smith, James Craig and Robert Adam” were involved in this enlightenment. The philosopher provided people with new ideas that helped them to build strong political parties. It has been observed that philosopher often influences the decision of the people in their way. Academics, policymakers and politicians often use the work of Adam Smith in their decision to make it authentic. The work of the philosopher helps people in understanding the errors in their ideas.
The ideas of Adam Smith were very popular and helped many politicians their throughout journey. The ideas of “Scottish Enlightenment thinker Adam Smith” idea were not only helpful in ancient times (Andrews. G and Czajka. A, 2018, p. 6, Chapter- 3.2.2 Adam Smith: then and now). It can be applied by the modern politician and the result will be the same. The ideas of the philosopher can provide the politician with better insight through which they can bring benefits to society. It has also been observed that politicians use the travelling theory to bring benefit to society. The theory helps in travelling the idea of philosophers to politicians' work that they do for the benefit of society.
Political thinkers generally involve in contrasting different hypotheses and engage to provide support to the community to make further changes in the political figures. Different types of political action and political debate occur in the community to develop a proper form of the political process and this focus on people first. In addition, social activities, such as facilities for food, shelter, education, human rights, legal, employment and financial part of the country to benefits every person and provide equal opportunities to all people. Different factors of places and orientation can provide support in speech quality by impacting the length, nature and style of political speeches.
Hannah Arendt (1906–1975) was one of the favorable influential political thinkers of the "twentieth century." Arendt thought that the freedom to citizenship, the privilege of a majority of individuals "to act together concerning things that are of equal concern to each," is not solely discredited by authoritarianism, as it stands by every dictatorship while philosophies objected to the regulation that shows the actions of annihilation that represent. Arendt "views the social realm as a threat to both the private and the public realms." In demand to supply the demands of everyone, it most infests the personal globe, and because it creates physical necessities at a general point, it deteriorates the domain of unrestricted activity. There is no longer an empire unrestrained from the condition (Geoff, 2018). The "Human Condition," broadcast in 1958, was "a wide-ranging and systematic treatment of what Arendt called the vita activa (Latin: “active life”)." She protected the classical models of labour, politics, and citizenship act against, what she thought was a defiled preoccupation with very interest. She decodes the human essential and "solves all the confusion, frustration and suffering in human life at its source." A dictatorship is a state of governance that tries to maintain complete power over the energies of its inhabitants. It is represented by the strong central rule that tries to manage and control all facets of unique life via pressure and repression. "Alison Rutherford Cockburn" recompensed in Edinburgh and her residence evolved as the “rallying ground” for the city’s intellectuals, including scholar "David Hume,novelist Walter Scott, and poet Robert Burns." Rutherford’s best-most famous work is a performance of popular Scottish folk music, “The Flowers of the Forest” (1765), in which she included a verse concerning an economic crisis in Scotland.
Conclusion
This part of the essay includes information regarding politics, political thinkers, and types of political thinkers and delivers short information about different types of political thinkers. This essay provides information regarding the political and social movements of Hannah Ardent and Alison Rutherford to justify their nature following political thinkers. This also includes a comparison of past and present activists' activities and mentions the uses of modern technology and processes in present political activities in the European country. This essay wants to deliver future scope in the further development of this research.
References
Books
Geoff Andrews, 2018. Week 1: What are political ideas? The Open University: 3-19
Geoff Andrews, 2018. Week 2: Why study political ideas? The Open University: 3-11
Geoff Andrews and Agnes Czajka, 2018. Week 3: Thinkers and theorists. The Open University: 3-34
Geoff Andrews, 2018. Week 4: The generators of ideas. The Open University: 3-16
