Person-Centered Care Approaches Essay Sample

Introduction To Person-Centred Care Approaches Essay

Person-centred Care is an approach in health and social care setup that prioritise the whole person rather than just focusing on the illness or infirmities of that particular. According to Peters et al., (2020), it involves the practice of respecting the values, beliefs, pReferences, social circumstances, lifestyle, and socio-economic scenario of the individuals. This essay aims to evaluate the “Person-Centred Care” approach by using the case scenario. As per case study 1, Gertie was an 83-year-old woman, who was diagnosed with rectal cancer and she also had a stoma. Over time, her health started to deteriorate, leading to the signs and symptoms of swollen legs, which impacted her mobility. As a whole, her prolapsed stoma, and current health condition due to rectal cancer need immediate clinical intervention and assistance. Moreover, she experienced a stroke which resulted the weakness in her left/right side and reduced her memory power. Considering the case study, it can be seen that declining health status and mobility are the major barriers for Gertie to access the necessary healthcare support.

Moreover, the sudden risk of strokes due to the onset of cancer, and their inability to continue the blood-thinning medication can also be considered as a major barrier for her to access ongoing care and rehabilitation facilities, additionally, financial constraints, and her preference to stay at home rather than to take admission at healthcare can also put an impact on care management. However, from the case study, it can be ensured that Gertie has strong social support and network, which includes her daughter Annie and Hospice at-home services which can provide the necessary support to the overall health and well-being of Gertie. Considering the overall case scenario of Gertie, the two important and necessary interventions which can be the best fit for the service users will be Collaborative Care Planning and Shared Decision Making.

Collaborative Care Planning intervention involves the healthcare professionals and patients together and provides scope to work as a team for developing personalised care plans which can address the needs and preferences of the patient. On the other hand, shared decision-making intervention empowers the patient to take an active part in decision-making regarding their care plan based on their preferences, and needs. In this essay, an evaluation of these two intervention plans will be carried out in reference to the case study of Gertie in terms of promoting her overall health and well-being.

Discussion

First Intervention: Collaborative Care Planning

Considering the case scenario of Gertie, the Collaborative care Planning intervention will include the healthcare professionals, including social care workers, Hospice at Home Services, and Annie whose duty will be to work together to design a personalised care plan for Gertie. The purpose of this plan will be to identify and recognise the diverse needs, expectations, and preferences of Gertie from her healthcare intervention as her health is continuously declining due to the onset of rectal cancer, sudden stroke, and stoma complications. According to Tomaselli et al., (2020), the key elements of Collaborative Care Planning include the involvement of multiple stakeholders, delivery of coordinated care and communication, shared decision-making, and provision of patient-centric care through regular review and delivery of adjusted care plans.

Considering the basic concept of the intervention, it can be stated that through collaborative care planning intervention, the healthcare professionals can reduce the fragmentation in the care approach, and can ensure that Gertie is receiving integrated and comprehensive clinical support in accordance with her health status. The holistic assessment of health is important to address the complex needs of Gertie and provide her with personalised clinical support tailored to her health situation.However, according to Schlesinger et al., (2023), one of the limitations or drawbacks of the collaborative care planning for Gertie's case is the need for coordination and continuous communication with a multidisciplinary team and stakeholders, which will include the healthcare professionals and caregivers of Gertie, social care workers and her Family members. In the collaborative care approach, it sometimes seems to be challenging to ensure that everyone is on the same page, specifically when there is an urgent need to employ clinical intervention based on the health condition and needs of the patient.

Another challenge for Gertie will be to maintain a balance between her preference to stay at home and ensure her safety and the provision of essential care support at home. When the main principle of a Collaborative Care plan is to respect the preference of service seekers, it will be essential to consider all the possible options including the possibility of transitioning her home to the care home to ensure the safe and integrated care service in accordance to her health needs (Kates et al., 2023).

When it comes to offering a Collaborative Care Plan, it should be important to align the intervention with healthcare policies and legislation (Kates et al., 2023). According to the Care Act 2014, and the standards set up by the NHS, it should be important to ensure that Gertie has obtained enough of scope to take an active part in the decision-making regarding her own treatment plan and that her dignity, and autonomy have been valued while offering care service (Department of Health & Social Care 2021). As per the Data Protection Act, 2018, the Collaborative Care Planning intervention should ensure that all the sensitive and health-related documents offered by Gertie are being kept confidential, and clinical intervention has been initiated after informed consent from the patient (Department of Health & Social Care 2021).

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Considering the case study of Gertie, the health belief model can be applied to planned behaviour. This model offers a psychological framework to understand and identify health-related behaviours. According to Hita et al., (2023), the Health Belief Model is a psychological health behavioural change model which is used to predict the health-related behavioural approach regarding the uptake of any health services. this model includes factors like perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, cues to action, self-efficacy and perceived barriers when it comes to providing collaborative care services to a patient (Hein et al., 2020). More specifically, by considering the case scenario of Gertie, it can be stated that by following this psychological framework, healthcare professionals can design an appropriate intervention plan to promote behavioural changes and encourage Gertie to engage in the health-promotion action plan.

Second Intervention: Shared Decision Making

In the case study of Gertie, the Shared Decision Making or SDM will include the collaborative discussion between her caregivers, healthcare professionals, and her family, specifically with Annie to identify the most suitable care plan. With Shared Decision Making, the healthcare providers can address the preferences, values, cultural beliefs, and needs of the treatment plan in line with her health and well-being. According to Hein et al., (2020), Shared Decision has been associated with several positive outcomes like improved satisfaction from the patient, adherence to legal policies and legislation during the delivery of treatment, and improved health outcomes (Driever et al., 2020). In the case of Fertie, shared decision-making can empower and encourage her to actively take part in decision-making related to her care plan, which in turn can help the healthcare providers to promote dignity and autonomy. According to the Care Act, of 2014, it should be the foremost role and responsibility of healthcare professionals and workers to involve the patient in decision-making, when it comes to delivering comprehensive, patient-centric, and integrated care support (NHS 2023). Additionally, as per many research, this approach can strengthen the commitment among care workers to deliver quality services, reduce conflict, and lead to the delivery of more informed care support based on the preferences of the patient.

However, one potential limitation of this intervention plan in the case of Gertie is the essentiality of maintaining continuous communication and exchange of information among different stakeholders (Ladin et al., 2023). Considering the health condition of Gertie, it can seem to be challenging to communicate the available treatment options, and the risks and benefits related to that, due to reduced memory power and cognitive function following the stroke. according to the guidelines set up by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, it should be the primary responsibility of healthcare professionals to involve the patient in decision-making and promote the shared decision-making practice across the healthcare setup. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence or NICE should advocate for shared decision-making by emphasising the importance of considering the preferences and values of the patient in treatment and care decisions (NICE 2017). Additionally, when it comes to including shared decision-making intervention in the treatment plan for Gertie, focus should be given to the Health and Social Care Act, 2012 which facilitates the active involvement of the patient in decision-making processes while offering patient-centred care approaches (Public Health England 2020). The Care Act, of 2014 recognises the importance of promoting the independence, well-being, and autonomy of the patient, which should be aligned with the principles of the Person-centred Care approach And principles of Shared Decision Making.

Considering the case study of Gertie, the Theory of Planned Behaviour can be applied to promote shared decision-making in the treatment plan. According to the theory of planned behaviour, the behavioural approaches of the patient or any individual is used to be influenced by their subjective norms, cultural beliefs, attitudes, and perceived behavioural control (McNeil, 2023). In the context of healthcare, attitude towards shared decision-making refers to the belief of individuals towards the value and significance of actively taking part in health-related decisions. A favourable attitude towards SDM is linked to increased participation in the decision-making process (Wang et al., 2023). Considering the case study of Gertie, it can be stated that the intervention of Shared decision-making must be aimed to change the attitudes of the patient towards shared decision-making by involving education about the benefits of active involvement of Gertie in decision-making. The subjective norms of Shared Decision-making include the involvement of Annie and healthcare providers of Gertie in the discussion about the significance and necessity of active involvement of Gertie in decision making-as it can create a supportive environment which can encourage Gertie to take an active part in making her treatment plan. It not only empowers her sense of belonging and value, but also her autonomy, and dignity will be preserved and it can increase the outcome of the treatment to a considerable extent.

Conclusion

This essay has focused on an in-depth discussion of two intervention approaches based on the case study of Gertie. Considering the health condition, and possible treatment approaches, Collaborative Care Planning, and Shared Decision-Making approaches have been selected as two intervention plans for providing informed care and support to the patient. Upon analysing these two intervention approaches, it can be stated that based on the case scenario, and the need of Gertie, Shared decision Making appeared to have the greater potentiality to offer the bets fit treatment and support in contrast to Collaborative Care Planning. considering the concepts of both intervention approaches, it can be concluded that to ensure that Gertie's preferences, values, and goals are taken into account in her care plan, SDM entails the patient, carers, and healthcare practitioners actively participating in the decision-making process.

By empowering Gertie to make knowledgeable decisions about her health, this strategy upholds her dignity and promotes her autonomy. Furthermore, SDM is in line with healthcare laws and policies like the Care Act 2014, which promotes person-centred care and stresses patient participation in decision-making processes. Initiatives like the NHS Long Term Plan, which emphasises the value of team-based approaches to care, also assist SDM. In contrast, Collaborative Care Planning has several limitations when it comes to offering coordinated care by including multiple stakeholders and ensuring the alignment of the plan according to the preferences of Gertie. Although it provides a thorough approach to care, several possible drawbacks, such as the requirement for ongoing coordination and communication hurdles, may make it less effective in Gertie's situation. So, as a whole, it can be stated that considering the case study of Gertie, Shared Decision Making will be a more appropriate intervention when it comes to ensuring overall health and well-being through the delivery of a Person-Centred Care plan.

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