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Introduction: LC567 Ethics inn Social Science
Exploring the convoluted surroundings of health care morality, this report looks into the complicated issues surrounding the discontinuation of medical care, moral choices, and the essential requirement for maintaining secrecy. A diverse rule of ethics, professional standards, and personal beliefs is necessary to successfully navigate different domains. An analytical lens is utilized to scrutinize the advantages and disadvantages of various moral strategies as we explore the complex aspects of stopping medical care. The research also highlights how important it is to reflect on oneself in order to obtain important understanding of one's own values and how those values may affect one's subsequent professional practice.
Ethical Perspectives
Literature review
In accordance with the views of Bos, (2020) the field of healthcare, stopping medical treatment presents difficult ethical and moral challenges. This controversial topic necessitates a rigors examination of professional rules of conduct so as to walk the narrow path between upholding a person's health and honoring their independence as a patient. Positively, the core principle of medical ethics—the idea of autonomy supports people's freedom in deciding how they will be handled. This theory backs up the notion that patients should be allowed to decline or stop medical procedures, even if doing so means terminating ongoing care. Respecting autonomy allows consumers to customize their healthcare to fit their beliefs and choices, which is in line with basic rights of humanity. However, Jerolmack and Murphy (2019) argued that when weighed with the need of medical professionals to put their patients' needs first, this dedication to autonomy runs into ethical difficulties. Crucially, a conflict of interest occurs when patients make choices that could jeopardize or damage their well-being. In such scenarios, the medical staff must balance their moral obligation to avoid injury with the need to preserve the independence of the patient.
Ethical Considerations in Medical Decision-Making
Kosten and Baxter (2019) assessed Healthcare professionals need professional rules of conduct to help them navigate these complex situations. These guidelines' underlying concept of beneficial effects highlights the duty of medical professionals to behave in their patients' best interests. Indeed, this suggests that medical personnel need to carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages of stopping a patient's therapy in order to make options that support the well-being of patients. On the critical note, Coffa and Snyder (2019) said that using benefiting others raises the prospect of coming to terms with autonomy. The most important aspect is figuring out whose view of health goes first: the patient's independent judgment or the medical professional's assessment of the greatest benefit for the patient. In medical ethics, finding an agreement between these opposing values is a recurring problem.
Uzun et al, (2021) examined comprehend the liberties, duties, and rights of persons in various groups while examining the situations surrounding the end of medical care. The intricate interaction between social norms and ethical concerns that shapes medical choices is made clear by a thorough literature research. Positively, a diverse society necessitates acknowledging the range of cultural, philosophical, and individual viewpoints towards stopping medical treatment. This variability adds complexity to the conversation on individual rights by highlighting the significance it is to customize healthcare choices so that they are consistent with an individual's ideals and views. By doing this, medical personnel show that they are culturally aware and respectful of the many origins of those they treat. A thorough examination of this variety, However, Vij, et. al, (2021) argued that highlights possible difficulties in balancing private freedoms with social standards. Ethical quandaries can occur when accepted medical adheres to clash with culture or religious convictions. Dealing these distinctions necessitate a delicate equilibrium among respecting people's independence as well as guaranteeing that medical choices comply with general cultural standards related to the safety of patients.
Lee, et. al. (2020) described discontinuation of health services creates complications for the rights of individuals to receive excellent medical care. The good thing is that people's rights to proper healthcare, particularly the freedom to choose their own treatments, are recognized. This is in keeping with the ideas of patient-centered care, which emphasizes the active involvement of individuals in health decision-making. On the critical note, Matthews, Bialocerkowski and Molineux (2019) said that access to healthcare might prevent these rights from being realized. The inequitable distribution of health services can be caused by economic factors, social barriers, or fundamental disparities, which might hinder people' capacity to take full advantage of their entitlements. This brings up moral questions regarding equality and justice in the field of health care. People have responsibilities for both their own well-being and the good health of those around them in a varied belonging. Promoting a feeling of shared accountability for preserving the community's wellness is the positive side. Critical examination, however, shows possible conflicts between society standards and one's own autonomy. Making ethical decisions in the field of healthcare involves striking a balance between individual liberties and the shared need to protect both oneself and others from damage.
Meskó and Görög (2020) ascertained the fact that understanding and applying different moral strategies in the framework of a removal of health care is a complex task, needing an in-depth investigation of opposing principles as well as ethical dilemmas. The complicated and multifarious character of healthcare choices, particularly those involving those involving treatment withdrawal symptoms encourages the exploration of various principles of ethics to assist practitioners in managing challenging circumstances. The deontological method may provide clarification in situations that occur when values collide. This ethical viewpoint provides practitioners will set of standards with a set of standards to adhere to by relying on moral laws and universal values. For example, decisions concerning treatment discontinuation may be guided by the concept of autonomy, which emphasizes the patients freedom to make decisions concerning their own medical care. A negative viewpoint however, draws attention to possible problems that arise when deontological tenants collide such as where liberty and the idea of benignity clash and raise concerns about possible harm that might occur from discontinuing treatment.
According to the views of Blake, et. al, (2020) emphasis on results and highlighting the potential effects on the general health when medical care is stopped, consequentiality ethics provide a focus on results. The goal of this strategy is to maximize the overall benefit by allowing practitioners to balance possible benefits and drawbacks. But the important point is that predicting and evaluating results with accuracy is difficult. It is challenging to measure and compare the effects of the range of healthcare scenarios, which might have unexpected ethical ramifications or cause one to disregard a person's rights in the name of imagined advantages. Growth in character and ethical conduct are positively emphasized by virtue ethics that encourages practitioners to develop qualities like empathy and honesty. A virtue based ethical perspective may help clinicians think about the way virtues might influence moral judgment when it comes to medication withdrawal scenarios. Critical viewpoints however Gilis-Januszewska, et. al, (2022) argued that that virtue based ethics might not provide clear guidance in critical circumstances when reconciling opposing values in necessary. Building characters may not offer simple fixes for the complex problems associated with stopping medical therapy.
Ethical Considerations in the Discontinuation of Medical Treatment
Adams and Ricci (2019) ascertained the fact that when making decisions about medical care, the equitable distribution concept becomes crucial. It is imperative to ensure a just and equal deployment of resources, particularly in light of treatment discontinuation. Positively, this moral strategy underlines how crucial it is to reduce inequities in getting medical resources. A rigors analysis, nevertheless, exposes challenges with defining an equal distribution since many stakeholders might have various opinions on what is reasonable and fair. Applying different ethical frameworks in the situation of stopping medical care requires an in-depth understanding of both the benefits and drawbacks of each framework. On the critical note, Uzun, et. al, (2021) said that though distributive justice, virtue ethics, deontological ethic, and other views are helpful, their drawbacks draw attention to how difficult it is to make moral decisions within the medical field. When attempting to resolve the opposing values and moral conundrums raised by decisions involving the discontinuation of medical treatment, professionals have to negotiate these difficulties with an advanced knowledge, recognizing the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
NHS (2023) stated that eliminating medical treatment in social and health care environments requires an in-depth review of the ethical and legal norms that guide judgment. Among the ethical pillars of the process of decision-making, the moral tenet of independence stands forth. The freedom that people have to decide when they will be cleaned up, including their decision they want to keep getting medical care, is upheld by this principle. A patient-driven strategy is fostered by acknowledging and honoring autonomy that guarantees individuals' control over their healthcare choice. A critical viewpoint, however, Adams and Ricci (2019) argued that acknowledges challenges where autonomy clashes with different ethical precepts, as in cases when an individual's decision of ceasing treatment raises questions about possible damage or deviates from accepted medical practices.
Blake, et. al, (2020) described notion of beneficence, which emphasizes the duty to advance the betterment of persons, has a significant factor that influences decision-making. Maximizing positive results for patients is the driving force driving healthcare professionals' actions. This idea is consistent with the main objective of delivering efficient and humane care. On the other hand, while figuring out what actually is the "best" result, disagreements might surface. It becomes difficult to balance the possible advantages of a treatment against its drawbacks and hazards, especially when it comes to discontinuing medical intervention. In social and health care, ethical standards expressed in codes of behavior have a major role in decision-making. These rules of conduct offer a structure outlining practitioners' moral responsibilities and standards. Respecting professional standards promotes trust amongst doctors, clients, and the general public. On the other hand, Lee, et. al, (2020) argued that a critical analysis indicates possible conflicts that may arise when ethical standards and professional regulations clash.
Kosten and Baxter (2019) defined when it comes to decisions about stopping medical care, the idea of justice includes the reasonable and equal allocation of money and access for healthcare becomes of special significance. It is crucial to make sure that judgments are fair and take society ideals into account. Positively, this idea emphasizes the importance it is to refrain from prejudice and ensure everyone has equal opportunity for medical care. A critical perspective, nevertheless, recognizes the difficulties in determining what defines a fair distribution, particularly in situations where resources are limited and challenging choices regarding treatment discontinuation need have been made.
Reflecting on Ethical Principles in Withdrawing Medical Care
According to Gibbs reflective cycle it has been a fascinating activity to get started on a reflective path to examine my own ethical standards and principles in the context if withdrawing medical care (Adeani, Febriani and Syafryadin, 2020). This has required an honest examination of my views and their possible influence upon future professional practice. When I reflect, one of the core aspects of my system of values is my dedication to patient liberty. I firmly believe everyone has the inalienable right to make choices regarding their own health care, including whether or not to continue receiving treatments. This value, which emphasizes the worth of honoring patients' desires and giving them the ability to choose their own medical experiences, is consistent with the ethical concept of autonomy. But after giving this value a thorough analysis, I see how important it is to strike a careful balance. The most challenging component of my job is figuring out when a patient's right to liberty conflicts with my desire to keep people safe, which might create a moral quandary.
Balancing Autonomy and Patient Safety
Throughout Gibbs model I strive to make an advantageous impact in the lives of the patients in my care by sticking to the goodwill principle. I think it is our duty to give compassionate care and optimize favorable outcomes. However, critically speaking, I recognize the difficulty in identifying what is the "best" result. The cessation of medical care presents situations in which pursuing beneficence can need making difficult choices on how to weigh prospective advantages versus costs and hazards. This knowledge helps me to tackle such circumstances with humility and an open mind to deal with morally unclear circumstances. When I examine my personal principles, I see how compassion and empathy have shaped my sense of morality. The ethic of virtue method appeals to me because it places an extreme value on developing virtues as a means of making moral decisions (Markkanen, et. al. 2020). My comprehension of the patient perspective and the need of taking into consideration the mental and mental aspects of stopping medical care are especially impacted by empathy. But then a critical viewpoint emerges when I recognize the possible drawbacks of depending just on qualities. Although virtues direct character growth, they could not provide straightforward remedies when faced with complicated moral conundrums. To be able to navigate the complexity of healthcare issues, it becomes imperative to strike a balance between morality and additional principles.
The Role of Compassion and Virtue Ethics in Decision-Making
Considering my principles also highlights how important it is for me to work together with others and communicate openly in my professional practice. For the purpose of to promote collaborative decision-making, I advocate open and honest interactions with patients as well as their families. This ensures that data is available and choices are made cooperatively, in line with the concepts of fairness and freedom. On the other hand, I acknowledge that reaching a consensus can be difficult, particularly in cases where medical care has been delayed in ways that are emotionally sensitive. Developing interpersonal abilities and a dedication to cooperatively resolving ethical conflicts are necessary for discussing different points of view.
Confidentiality in Patient and Organizational Ethics
Throughout my career, maintaining secrecy has been a top priority in order to protect people's and organizations confidentiality. Based on my personal experiences, I understand the ethical need to maintain secrecy by changing identities and places in order to maintain the confidence that has been given to me in a variety of capacities. A moving experience that highlights the importance of privacy encompassed a patient who had to deal with a delicate health problem. According to the ethical precept of secrecy, let's call the patient 'Jane.' Jane shared in me intimate details about her health, knowing that it was going to remain within the parameters of our working relationship. I made sure that Jane's identify and any particulars that would lead to her identify were protected by following ethical norms. This dedication towards privacy not only maintained Jane's faith in me but additionally strengthened the basis of a relationship based on trust between patient and physician.
I have also come across circumstances in which organizational secrecy was crucial in a professional environment. The topics regarding organizational plans and private data were frequently discussed in strategic planning meetings. For example, company NHS Healthcare, participating in these meetings provided me with the responsibility of guarding sensitive data that is essential to the organization's security and profitability. By changing the name and making certain facts broader, I was still able to meet my ethical duty to preserve confidential organizational data and have open talks about potential and difficulties.
CONCLUSION
To sum up, the study of stopping medical treatment, taking moral decisions, and maintaining secrecy highlights the delicate equilibrium needed in the medical field. The benefits and drawbacks of many ethical precepts draw attention to the challenging it is to make decisions. The complex interactions between freedom, kindness, fairness, and virtue ethics becomes clear when one reflects on their own ideals. Preserving confidentiality becomes essential to navigate the changing environment of healthcare ethics because it upholds the confidentiality and security of both individuals and organizations.
References
Books and Journals
- Adams, D.M. and Ricci, K.W., 2019. Vascular anomalies: diagnosis of complicated anomalies and new medical treatment options. Hematology/Oncology Clinics, 33(3), pp.455-470.
- Adeani, I.S., Febriani, R.B. and Syafryadin, S., 2020. Using GIBBSreflective cycle in making reflections of literary analysis. Indonesian EFL Journal, 6(2), pp.139-148.
- Blake, H., Bermingham, F., Johnson, G. and Tabner, A., 2020. Mitigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: a digital learning package. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(9), p.2997.
- Bos, J., 2020. Research ethics for students in the social sciences (p. 287). Springer Nature.
- Coffa, D. and Snyder, H., 2019. Opioid use disorder: medical treatment options. American Family Physician, 100(7), pp.416-425.
- Gilis-Januszewska, A., Bogus?awska, A., Rzepka, E., Ziaja, W. and Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, A., 2022. Individualized medical treatment options in Cushing disease. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, p.1060884.
- Jerolmack, C. and Murphy, A.K., 2019. The ethical dilemmas and social scientific trade-offs of masking in ethnography. Sociological Methods & Research, 48(4), pp.801-827.
- Kosten, T.R. and Baxter, L.E., 2019. Effective management of opioid withdrawal symptoms: A gateway to opioid dependence treatment. The American journal on addictions, 28(2), pp.55-62.
- Lee, D., Kim, S.K., Lee, J.R. and Jee, B.C., 2020. Management of endometriosis-related infertility: Considerations and treatment options. Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine, 47(1), p.1.
- Markkanen, P., Välimäki, M., Anttila, M. and Kuuskorpi, M., 2020. A reflective cycle: Understanding challenging situations in a school setting. Educational Research, 62(1), pp.46-62.
- Matthews, J., Bialocerkowski, A. and Molineux, M., 2019. Professional identity measures for student health professionals–a systematic review of psychometric properties. BMC medical education, 19(1), pp.1-10.
- Meskó, B. and Görög, M., 2020. A short guide for medical professionals in the era of artificial intelligence. NPJ digital medicine, 3(1), p.126.
- Uzun, T., Çakl?, H., Co?an, D.T., ?ncesulu, ?.A., Kaya, E., Çal??, ?.U. and Y?ld?z, E., 2021. In vitro study on immune response modifiers as novel medical treatment options for cholesteatoma. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 145, p.110743.
- Uzun, T., Çakl?, H., Co?an, D.T., ?ncesulu, ?.A., Kaya, E., Çal??, ?.U. and Y?ld?z, E., 2021. In vitro study on immune response modifiers as novel medical treatment options for cholesteatoma. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 145, p.110743.
- Vij, N., Kiernan, H., Bisht, R., Singleton, I., Cornett, E.M., Kaye, A.D., Imani, F., Varrassi, G., Pourbahri, M., Viswanath, O. and Urits, I., 2021. Surgical and non-surgical treatment options for piriformis syndrome: A literature review. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 11(1).
- Online
- NHS, 2023. Withdrawing treatment. Online. Available through. :<https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/end-of-life-care/your-wellbeing/withdrawing-treatment/>