11 Pages
2638 Words
1. Introduction: Physical Activity Boosts Your Mental Process
1.1 Background
Physical activity improves cognition by enhancing retention, focus and overall mental well-being. It improves brain health by boosting blood flow, encouraging neuroplasticity and lowering the possibility of cognitive impairment. The goal of the assignment sample is to learn more about how physical exercise affects cognition with an emphasis on the mental operations necessary for cognitive functioning. Memory, focus, problem-solving and decision-making are just a few examples of cognitive processes, all of which are essential for day-to-day functioning. Exercise has been connected to improved memory, increased attention span and greater ability to solve problems, according to the assignment sample that has already been done. Physical activity has also been associated with a beneficial correlation between cognitive performance and cognition.
The specific methods through which exercise affects cognition are still unclear and diverse. It is crucial to comprehend these mechanisms because they can have a big impact on people's general health and life standards, particularly among ageing populations and those who are at risk for cognitive loss (Herold, et. al. 2019). This investigation will focus on the fundamental physiological and neurological alterations brought on by physical activity, illuminating the complex interplay between exercise and cognitive performance.
1.2 Aim and Objectives
Aim
The assignment sample aims to examine the impact of physical activity on cognition.
Objectives
- To evaluate the significance of physical activity in cognition.
- To investigate aspects associated with cognition (mental process).
- To examine the relationship between physical activity and cognitive process.
- To provide recommendations for enhancing cognitive performance through adapted physical activity interventions
Research questions
- What is the significance of physical activity in cognition?
- How to investigate aspects associated with cognition (mental process)?
- What is the relationship between physical activity and cognitive process?
1.4 Significance of the sample
The current assignment sample, related to the influence of physical activity on cognition is extremely important for both the mental health of the individual and wider social ramifications. Memory, interest, decision making and problem-solving abilities are just a few of the mental functions that support numerous aspects of human life. Understanding the way these cognitive processes are affected by physical exercise can have a significant influence on daily living and personal growth. Further, the sample and its outcome will also help other scholars who want to conduct a study in a similar area. By undertaking the same
1.4 Rationale of the sample
This study was initiated by the need to clarify the complex link between physical exercise and cognition. Though earlier studies suggested a correlation, the exact processes and the scope of this association are still unknown (Sanders, et. al, 2020). Developing a strong scientific basis is essential because it can enhance cognitive performance across many age groups and environments. The goal of the research is to create recommendations and treatments that can improve cognitive function based on the intricacies of this connection.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Significance of physical activity with regards to cognition
Ludyga, et. al, (2020) highlighted a sizable amount of evidence which indicates that exercise has significant impacts on cognition. Regular physical activity has been linked to cognitive benefits such as enhanced memory, focus,\ and executive abilities. Numerous processes, such as a rise in the flow of cerebral blood, the growth of neurons, and the production of neurotrophic compounds that support brain health, are thought to be responsible for these changes. Additionally, it indicates that exercise has a neuroprotective impact that may lower the possibility of cognitive loss and neurological disorders like Alzheimer's. However, An and Han (2020) argued that it is essential to note several limitations in the literature, though. It is not always easy to determine how physical exercise type, intensity, and duration affect cognitive results. According to certain research, excessively vigorous or prolonged physical activity may cause temporary performance reductions and cognitive tiredness. Additionally, research into the actual processes behind the association between exercise and cognition is still underway, with variances seen among age groups and people.
Karssemeijer, et. al. (2019) described even though the majority of the available research supports the positive effects of exercise on cognition, it is important to take into account any potential moderating variables and variations among people. The degree to which physical exercise affects cognition might vary depending on a person's genetic makeup, baseline cognitive performance and the existence of concomitant diseases. Furthermore, different people may respond better to different physical exercise regimens for cognitive improvement, opening up the possibility of personalized treatments in further study.
2.2 Aspects associated with cognition (mental process)
Valkenborghs, et. al, (2019) mentioned in their study that the influence of genetics on cognition is a crucial factor. Studies of identical twins as well as their families have demonstrated that genes have a major role in cognitive ability, influencing attributes like intellect, memories and mental speed. Environmental variables such as childhood experiences, academic possibilities and socioeconomic level have a significant impact in addition to heredity. The effect of ageing on cognition is another important consideration. Age-related reductions in specific cognitive abilities, including processing speed as well as working memory are regularly shown by research. On a contradictory note, Vazou, et. al. (2019) depicted that Individual differences regarding mental ageing make it possible for some cognitive processes, such as emotional control and crystallized intellect to remain steady or even get better with age.
Uddin (2021) described a basic component of cognition as neurobiology. The complex neural connections and processes that underpin cognitive functions have been made clear by advancements in neuroscience. The comprehension of the way brain anatomy and function affect cognition has been improved by brain imaging methods like FMRI and EEG, which have revealed information on the neurological underpinnings of memory, focus, and decision-making. Anxiety and mood are two psychological factors that affect cognition. On a contradictory note, Brown (2020) defined that mental illnesses like anxiety and depressive disorders can interfere with mental processes; chronic stress may hinder memory as well as focus. Positive feelings and meditation, on the other hand, have been linked to enhanced cognitive function. Additionally, lifestyle elements like exercise, diet, and sleep are also important for cognitive performance. A healthy diet full of nutrients, frequent exercise, and enough sleep have all been related to improved cognition. This way of life decisions helps protect against cognitive decline and support brain health.
2.3 Relationship between physical activity and cognitive process
According to the views of Pontifex (2019) physical activity and mental abilities have repeatedly been linked in good ways in several researches. Exercise regularly has been associated with enhanced manager, executive attention and general cognitive functioning. Numerous processes such as improved cerebral circulation, neurogenesis, and the breakdown of neurotrophic substances that support brain health, are thought to be responsible for these cognitive improvements. Additionally, exercise appears to offer neuroprotective properties that may lower the risk of memory loss and age-related neurological diseases like Alzheimer's. On a critical note, Erickson (2019) examined the attention to complications and moderating variables. The kind, level, and length of physical activity may influence how well people think. According to certain studies, acute, vigorous physical activity may momentarily impair cognitive function whereas moderate, ongoing exercise usually results in more sustained cognitive advantages. The degree to which physical exercise affects cognition varies among individuals due to hereditary variables, baseline cognitive performance, and the existence of comorbid diseases.
Vazou et. al, (2019) investigated that timing and environment are important things to think about. While continuous exercise is linked to long-term cognitive advantages, short-term exercise can have instant cognitive impacts, like enhanced attention and mood. Physical activity may have different effects on different cognitive processes, with some research highlighting advances in recollection or speed of processing while others highlighting benefits in executive skills.
3. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.1 Research type
A qualitative research methodology which focuses on comprehending and interpreting people's experiences, perspectives, and interpretations will be used. It entails using several techniques to obtain non-numerical data. Insight into the complexity of human behaviour, opinions, and social phenomena is sought through qualitative research, which frequently yields rich, descriptive findings. The goal of this form of qualitative research is to probe thoroughly into the individual's subjective thoughts and feelings in connection to the topic of interest.
3.2 Research approach and philosophy
Inductive research methodology will be selected for this study, which emphasizes the creation of hypotheses and conclusions from data instead of the testing of pre-existing beliefs. The interpretive philosophy places a strong emphasis on recognising people's varying perspectives on the phenomena being investigated, in this case, the connection between physical exercise and cognition.
3.3 Data collection
The qualitative research will collect data from sources that are secondary as well as primary. Surveys will be done with people of every age and level of physical activity to collect primary data (Char, et. al. 2020). The results of these surveys will provide researchers with personal information about how physical exercise affects people's thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Secondary data will also be gathered from already published reports, papers, and scholarly books. The setting and conceptual structure of the study will be enhanced by these secondary sources.
3.4 Sampling
A simple random sample with 40 participants will be used as the sampling technique for this study. The study attempts to reduce selection bias and improve the applicability of its results to a larger population engaging in physical exercise by utilizing simple random sampling.
3.5 Data analysis
The chosen technique for data analysis will be thematic analysis. With this analytic strategy, recurrent themes and patterns in the qualitative information are found, examined, and reported. Key themes and conclusions may be drawn from the comments of participants by using thematic analysis, which enables a methodical and thorough assessment of the data. With the use of this methodology, the study will be able to examine the complex aspects of the link between exercise and cognition.
3.6 Ethical consideration
A key component of this investigation will be ethical issues. Following ethical standards, each participant will be asked for their informed permission after being made aware of the research's objectives, methods, potential dangers, and the independent nature of participation (Suri, 2020). Data will be safely kept, anonymity will be upheld, and only authorized individuals will have access. The freedom to leave the investigation at any time will be guaranteed to participants without penalty.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study of the way physical exercise affects cognition is a crucial area of study with important ramifications for both the well-being of individuals as well as society as a whole. The present investigation explores the personal experiences and views of people to delve into the complex link between physical exercise and cognition using a qualitative research technique, an inductive orientation, and an interpretive theoretical framework. A thorough framework for examining this complicated link is provided by the use of primary as well as secondary sources of data, simple random sampling, as well as the analysis of themes as a data analysis technique. To guarantee that participant rights and well-being are protected throughout the study process, ethical concerns will be crucial.
Enhancing people's quality of life across the lifespan may be possible by recognizing the way physical exercise affects cognitive functions. The risk of neurological diseases may be decreased, age-related cognitive decline may be delayed, and maintenance of cognitive health may be encouraged. Additionally, this understanding may guide public policy, medical care, and educational activities, advancing society overall. Research into the way physical exercise affects cognition has the potential to advance both individual cognitive health and society as a whole. It is intended that the results of this investigation will add to our knowledge of the interactions between physical exercise and cognition by offering insightful information into this important field of research.
References
Books and journals
An, M.A. and Han, S.L., 2020. Effects of experiential motivation and customer engagement on customer value creation: Analysis of psychological process in the experience-based retail environment. Journal of Business Research, 120, pp.389-397.
Brown, D.M., Graham, J.D., Innes, K.I., Harris, S., Flemington, A. and Bray, S.R., 2020. Effects of prior cognitive exertion on physical performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 50, pp.497-529.
Char, D.S., Abràmoff, M.D. and Feudtner, C., 2020. Identifying ethical considerations for machine learning healthcare applications. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(11), pp.7-17.
Erickson, K.I., Hillman, C., Stillman, C.M., Ballard, R.M., Bloodgood, B., Conroy, D.E., Macko, R., Marquez, D.X., Petruzzello, S.J. and Powell, K.E., 2019. Physical activity, cognition, and brain outcomes: a review of the 2018 physical activity guidelines. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 51(6), p.1242.
Herold, F., Törpel, A., Schega, L. and Müller, N.G., 2019. Functional and/or structural brain changes in response to resistance exercises and resistance training lead to cognitive improvements–a systematic review. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 16, pp.1-33.
Karssemeijer, E.G., Aaronson, J.A., Bossers, W.J., Donders, R., Olde Rikkert, M.G. and Kessels, R.P., 2019. The quest for synergy between physical exercise and cognitive stimulation via exergaming in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Alzheimer's research & therapy, 11, pp.1-13.
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Pühse, U., Looser, V.N. and Kamijo, K., 2020. Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating moderators of long-term effects of exercise on cognition in healthy individuals. Nature human behaviour, 4(6), pp.603-612.
Pontifex, M.B., McGowan, A.L., Chandler, M.C., Gwizdala, K.L., Parks, A.C., Fenn, K. and Kamijo, K., 2019. A primer on investigating the after effects of acute bouts of physical activity on cognition. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 40, pp.1-22.
Sanders, L.M.J., Hortobágyi, T., Karssemeijer, E.G.A., Van der Zee, E.A., Scherder, E.J.A. and Van Heuvelen, M.J.G., 2020. Effects of low-and high-intensity physical exercise on physical and cognitive function in older persons with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Alzheimer's research & therapy, 12, pp.1-15.
Suri, H., 2020. Ethical considerations of conducting systematic reviews in educational research. Systematic reviews in educational research: Methodology, perspectives and application, pp.41-54.
Uddin, L.Q., 2021. Cognitive and behavioural flexibility: neural mechanisms and clinical considerations. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 22(3), pp.167-179.
Valkenborghs, S.R., Noetel, M., Hillman, C.H., Nilsson, M., Smith, J.J., Ortega, F.B. and Lubans, D.R., 2019. The impact of physical activity on brain structure and function in youth: a systematic review. Pediatrics, 144(4).
Vazou, S., Pesce, C., Lakes, K. and Smiley-Oyen, A., 2019. More than one road leads to Rome: A narrative review and meta-analysis of physical activity intervention effects on cognition in youth. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17(2), pp.153-178.
